Перевод: со всех языков на английский

с английского на все языки

to seek for a person

Толкование Перевод

1 for

for, for, lining, too

* * *
prep. [ om vederlag] for, (om den gjeldende pris for noget) at (f.eks. what did you pay for it?, what will you price me for it?, I work for 200 dollars prep. [ fremfor] to (f.eks.
I prefer tea to coffee
) prep. [i de fleste sammenhenger:] for prep. [ formål] for, to (She works for equal wages for men and women) prep. [ til fordel for] for, to (She has talked a lot for my propsals for a better sales strategy) prep. [ på grunn av] for (f.eks. he is famous for his courage, I cannot see for the smoke, he cannot see the wood for trees, marry somebody for his money prep. [ vedrørende støtte] for, in favour of, in favor of (amer.) prep. [i forhold til, i betraktning av] for (f.eks.
the coat is too warm for this time of the year
) prep. [ istedenfor] for, to (She prefers tea to wine) prep. [ bestemt el. beregnet for etc.] for (f.eks.
America for the Americans, a trio for violin, cello, and piano, boots for soldiers, a calendar for ??
) prep. [ til beste for] for (f.eks. work for him, fight for a cause, the public he writes for, die for one's country, what can I do prep. [ om tidsrom] for (I am going on a holiday for three weeks) prep. [ til gjengjeld for] for (f.eks.
an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, reward him for his trouble, blame, praise, punish, thank him for it
) prep. [ for å oppnå] for (f.eks.
work for one's living, the children pestered me for sweets
) prep. [ angående] for (he's big for his age, but this film is not suitable for him) prep. [ om tallmessige forhold] for, to (f.eks.
for every person who died two were born, there are two women to every man
) prep. [ omfang] for (The contract said that you had to pay the rent for three months in advance) prep. [ hver enkelt for seg selv] for, by (f.eks.
man for man, word for word, bit by bit, day by day, one by one, step by step
) prep. [beskyttet, til forsvar] from, to, for (f.eks. seek shelter from the storm, God save me from my friends!, will you hide me from my prep. [ med hensyn til] to, from, about (f.eks.
blind to one's own interest, deaf to reason, sensitive to pain, a stranger to this way of thinking, common ??
) konj. [ fordi] because (f.eks.
don't call me Sir, because I won't have it, he ran, for he was afraid
) adv. in front, before adv. [ alt for] too (f.eks.
the work is too hard for me
), unduly (f.eks.
unduly expensive
)

Norsk-engelsk ordbok > for
2 hide-and-seek

noun
a children's game in which one person searches for other people who have hidden themselves.
لُعْبَة الغُمّيضَه

Arabic-English dictionary > hide-and-seek
3 LEITA

search

* * *

(að), v.

1) to seek, search, with gen. (heraðsmenn leituðu hennar ok fundu hana eigi);

leita e-m e-s, to seek (try to get) a thing for one (leita e-m kvánfangs);

leita sér lífs, to seek to save one’s life;

2) to seek for help (vil ek, at þú leitir aldri annarra en mín, ef þú þarft nökkurs við);

leita ráða, to seek for advice;

3) to act (proceed) towards one;

ef yðar er illa leitat, if you are challenged;

4) to try to go, proceed on a journey;

leita braut ór landi, to go abroad;

leita á fund e-s, to visit a person;

5) to seek, try, with infin. (þá leitaði Kálfr at flytja brœðr sína ofan til skips);

6) with preps.:

leita at e-m, to seek for a person, = leita e-s (var þá leitat at lækninum);

leita at um e-t = leita eptir um e-t;

leita á e-n, to attack or assail one, to blame or reprehend one;

leita á, to try, make an attempt to get a thing (hvar skulu vit á leita?);

leita á um kvánfang, to look for a wife;

leita eptir e-u, to seek for;

leita eptir máli, to follow a case, take it up;

leita eptir um e-t, to inquire into;

leita eptir við e-n, to inquire of a person;

leita fyrir sér, to save oneself by flight (leggjum á flótta, verðr nú hverr at leita fyrir sér);

leita e-s í, to try, make an attempt (var þá margs í leitat);

leita til e-s, to seek for, = leita e-s (aldri leitaði hann til griða né undankomu);

leita um e-t = leita at um e-t, to examine (var þá leitat um sár manna);

to try to get or effect (leita um sættir);

leita e-s við e-n, to apply to one for a thing (leita ráða við e-n);

leita við e-t, to try;

leita við för, to try to get away;

leita við at gøra e-t, to try to do a thing (hann vildi við leita at mæla);

7) refl., leitast um, to make a search, examine (leituðust þeir þá um ok fundu hurð í gólfinu).

* * *

að, prop. a causal from líta, [Ulf. wlaiton = περιβλέπεσθαι; North. E. to lait; Dan. lede]:—to seek, search, with gen. leita e-s, or with prep. leita at e-u, or absol., héraðsmenn leituðu hennar ok fundu hana eigi, Nj. 14; leita lands, Fms. ii. 214; Hængr sigldi í haf ok leitaði Íslands, Eg. 99, Landn. 27, 32, Fms. i. 27, 71; leita e-m kvánfangs, Eg. 22, passim: metaph., ef yðar er ílla leitað, if you are challenged, rudely treated, Nj. 139; þótt hans væri eigi vel leitað, Fb. ii. 73:—hón leitaði í eina hirzlu, Fms. iv. 37; leituðu þeir um skóginn allan, i. 72; Njáll leitaði Höskuldi um manna-forráð, Nj. 149: leita at e-m, to seek for, Fms. ix. 218; ok leiti þér at honum Höskuldi, Nj. 171, passim in mod. usage: leita eptir e-m, id., Fms. i. 69: the phrase, leita sér staðar, to go on one’s business, cacare, Hm. 113, Fær. 197.

II. metaph. to seek for help; vil ek at þú leitir aldri annarra en mín ef þú þarft nokkurs við, Nj. 74; leita sér heilla, Landn. 33; leita lækninga, to seek for healing, to call in a physician, Johan. 26; leita ráða, to seek for advice, Nj. 75.

2. to enquire, examine, Sks. 638, Hom. 65.

3. with prepp.; leita á e-n, to offend in word or deed, be aggressive, Nj. 16, Ó. H. 222, (á-leitinn); leita á við e-n, to contest, call in question, Grág. i. 36; leita á um e-t, to try, attempt; hvar skulu vér á leita? Nj. 3; en þat ræð ek, at þú leitir eigi optarr á hreysti mína, that thou dost not again question my valour, Orkn. 402: leita eptir e-u, to ‘lait after,’ seek for, passim; leita eptir máli, to follow a case, take it up, Nj. 75; leita eptir við e-n, to entreat a person, Fbr. 117; leita eptir um e-t, to enquire into, Eg. 536: leita upp, to seek out, Germ. anfsuchen, Fms. x. 71:—leita við, to try, endeavour, Nj. 21, Sturl. i. 17, Rb. 382, Eg. 606, Jb. 382; leita við för, to try to get away, Grág. i. 91: leita til e-s, to try for, Fb. ii. 309.

III. in a local sense, to try to go, make ready to go, proceed on a journey; ef Eirekr konungr leitaði vestan um haf með her sinn, Fms. i. 26; hann kvaðsk aptr mundu leita til vina sinnu, ii. 214; ef hann leitaði aptr í land, v. 32; leita braut ór landi, to go abroad, Ó. H. 130; leita á fund e-s, to visit a person, Eg.; haltú vörð á, ef hann leitar ( tries to escape) út um munninn, Fms. vi. 351: leita undan, to go back, fly, Stj. 479.

IV. reflex. to seek; leitask um, to explore; þá leituðusk þeir um hvar líkast var út at komask, Eg. 233; leituðusk þeir þá um ok fundu hurð í gólfinu, 234, Stj. 479: leitask fyrir, id., H. E. i. 245, Sks. 706: leitast við, to attempt, mod. = leita við. The reflexive is more freq. in mod. than in old usage.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > LEITA
4 AT

I) prep.

A. with dative.

I. Of motion;

1) towards, against;

Otkell laut at Skamkatli, bowed down to S.;

hann sneri egginni at Ásgrími, turned the edge against A.;

2) close atup to;

Brynjólfr gengr alit at honum, quite up to him;

þeir kómust aldri at honum, they could never get near him, to close quarters with him;

3) to, at;

koma at landi, to come to land;

ganga at dómi, to go into court;

4) along (= eptir);

ganga at stræti, to walk along the street;

dreki er niðr fór at ánni (went down the river) fyrir strauminum;

refr dró hörpu at ísi, on the ice;

5) denoting hostility;

renna (sœkja) at e-m, to rush at, assault;

gerði þá at þeim þoku mikla, they were overtaken by a thick fog;

6) around;

vefja motri at höfði sér, to wrap a veil round one’s head;

bera grjót at e-m, to heap stones upon the body;

7) denoting business, engagement;

ríða at hrossum, at sauðum, to go looking after horses, watching sheep;

fara at landskuldum, to go collecting rents.

II. Of position, &c.;

1) denoting presence at, near, by, upon;

at kirkju, at church;

at dómi, in court;

at lögbergi, at the hill of laws;

2) denoting participation in;

vera at veizlu, brullaupi, to be at a banquet, wedding;

vera at vígi, to be an accessory in man-slaying;

3) ellipt., vera at, to be about, to be busy at;

kvalararnir, er at vóru at pína hann, who were tormenting him;

var þar at kona nökkur at binda (was there busy dressing) sár manna;

4) with proper names of places (farms);

konungr at Danmörku ok Noregi, king of;

biskup at Hólum, bishop of Holar;

at Helgafelli, at Bergþórshváli;

5) used ellipt. with a genitive, at (a person’s) house;

at hans (at his house) gisti fjölmenni mikit;

at Marðar, at Mara’s home;

at hins beilaga Ólafs konungs, at St. Olave’s church;

at Ránar, at Ran’s (abode).

III. Of time;

1) at, in;

at upphafi, at first, in the beginning;

at skilnaði, at parting, when they parted;

at páskum, at Easter;

at kveldi, at eventide;

at þinglausnum, at the close of the Assembly;

at fjöru, at the ebb;

at flœðum, at the floodtide;

2) adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr’;

at ári komanda, next year;

at vári, er kemr, next spring;

generally with ‘komanda’ understood;

at sumri, hausti, vetri, vári, next summer, &c.;

3) used with an absolute dative and present or past part.;

at sér lifanda, duing his lifetime;

at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all;

at áheyranda höfðingjanum, in the hearing of the chief;

at upprennandi sólu, at sunrise;

at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks are past;

at honum önduðum, after his death;

4) denoting uninterrupted succession, after;

hverr at öðrum, annarr at öðrum, one after another;

skildu menn at þessu, thereupon, after this;

at því (thereafter) kómu aðrar meyjar.

IV. fig. and in various uses;

1) to, into, with the notion of destruction or change;

brenna (borgina) at ösku, to burn to ashes;

verða at ormi, to become a snake;

2) for, as;

gefa e-t at gjöf, as a present;

eiga e-n at vin, to have one as friend;

3) by;

taka sverð at hjöltum, by the hilt;

draga út björninn at hlustunum, by the ears;

kjósa at afli, álitum, by strength, appearrance;

4) as regards as to;

auðigr at fé, wealthy in goods;

vænn (fagr) at áliti, fair of face;

5) as a law term, on the grounds of, by reason of;

ryðja ( to challenge) dóm at mægðum, kvið at frændsemi;

6) as a paraphrase of a genitive;

faðir, móðir at barni (= barns, of a child);

aðili at sök = aðili sakar;

7) with adjectives denoting colour, size, age, of;

hvítr, svartr, rauðr at lit, while, black, red of colour;

mikill, lítill at stœrð, vexti, tall, small of stature;

tvítugr at aldri, twenty years of age;

kýr at fyrsta, öðrum kálfi, a cow that has calved once, twice;

8) determining the source from which anything comes, of, from;

Ari nam ok marga frœði at Þuríði (from her);

þiggja, kaupa, geta, leigja e-t at e-m, to receive, buy, obtain, borrow a thing from one;

hafa veg (virðing) styrk at e-m, to derive honour, power, from one;

9) according, to, after (heygðr at fornum sið);

at ráði allra vitrustu manna, by the advice of;

at landslögum, by the law of the land;

at vánum, as was to be expected;

at leyfi e-s, by one’s leave;

10) in adverbial phrases;

gróa (vera grœddr) at heilu, to be quite healed;

bíta af allt gras at snøggu, quite bare;

at fullu, fully;

at vísu, surely;

at frjálsu, freely;

at eilífu, for ever and ever;

at röngu, at réttu, wrongly, rightly;

at líku, at sömu, equally, all the same;

at mun, at ráði, at marki, to a great extent.

B. with acc., after, upon (= eptir);

sonr á at taka arf at föður sinn, to take the inheritance after his father;

eiga féránsdóm at e-n, to hold a court of execution upon a person;

at þat (= eptir þat), after that, thereafter;

connected with a past part. or a., at Gamla fallinn, after the fall of Gamli;

at Hrungni dauðan, upon the death of Hrungnir.

II)

1) as the simple mark of the infinitive, to;

at ganga, at ríða, at hlaupa, to walk, to ride, to run;

2) in an objective sense;

hann bauð þeim at fara, sitja, he bade (ordered) them to go, sit;

gefa e-m at eta, at drekka, to give one to eat, to drink;

3) denoting design or purpose, in order to (hann gekk í borg at kaupa silfr).

III)

1) demonstrative particle before a comparative, the, all the, so much the;

hón grét at meir, she wept the more;

þykkir oss at líkara, all the more likely;

þú ert maðr at verri (so much the worse), er þú hefir þetta mælt;

2) rel. pron., who, which, that (= er);

þeir allir, at þau tíðindi heyrðu, all those who heard;

sem þeim er títt, at ( as is the custom of those who) kaupferðir reka.

IV)

conj., that;

1) introducing a subjective or objective clause;

þat var einhverju sinni, at Höskuldr hafði vinaboð, it happened once that H.;

vilda ek, at þú réðist austr í fjörðu, I should like you to go;

2) relative to svá, denoting proportion, degree;

svá mikill lagamaðr, at, so great a lawyer, that;

3) with subj., denoting end or purpose, in order that (skáru þeir fyrir þá (viz. hestana) melinn, at þeir dœi eigi af sulti);

4) since, because, as (= því at);

5) connected with þó, því, svá;

þó at (with subj.), though, although;

því at, because, for;

svá at, so that;

6) temp., þá at (= þá er), when;

þegar at (= þegar er), as soon as;

þar til at (= þar til er), until, till;

áðr at (= á. en), before;

7) used superfluously after an int. pron. or adv.;

Ólafr spurði, hvern styrk at hann mundi fá honum, what help he was likely to give him;

in a relative sense; með fullkomnum ávexti, hverr at (which) þekkr ok þægiligr mun verða.

V)

negative verbal suffix, = ata; var-at, was not.

VI)

n. an incited conflict or fight ( see etja);

odda at, Yggs at, battle.

* * *

1.

and að, prep., often used ellipt. dropping the case and even merely as an adverb, [Lat. ad; Ulf. at = πρός and παρά, A. S. ät; Engl. at; Hel. ad = apud; O. H. G. az; lost in mod. Germ., and rare in Swed. and Dan.; in more freq. use in Engl. than any other kindred language, Icel. only excepted]:—the mod. pronunciation and spelling is að (aþ); this form is very old, and is found in Icel. vellum MSS. of the 12th century, e. g. aþ, 623. 60; yet in earlier times it was sounded with a tenuis, as we may infer from rhymes, e. g. jöfurr hyggi at | hve ek yrkja fat, Egill: Sighvat also makes it rhyme with a t. The verse by Thorodd—þar vastu at er fjáðr klæðið þvat (Skálda 162)—is hardly intelligible unless we accept the spelling with an aspirate (að), and say that þvað is = þvá = þváði, lavabat; it may be that by the time of Thorodd and Ari the pure old pronunciation was lost, or is ‘þvat’ simply the A. S. þvât, secuit? The Icelanders still, however, keep the tenuis in compounds before a vowel, or before h, v, or the liquids l, r, thus—atyrða, atorka, athöfn, athugi, athvarf, athlægi; atvinna, atvik; atlaga, atlíðanði ( slope), atriði, atreið, atróðr: but aðdjúpr, aðfinsla (critic), aðferð, aðkoma, aðsókn, aðsúgr (crowding), aðgæzla. In some words the pronunciation is irregular, e. g. atkvæði not aðkv-; atburðr, but aðbúnaðr; aðhjúkran not athjúkran; atgörvi not aðgörfi. At, to, towards; into; against; along, by; in regard to; after.

Mostly with dat.; rarely with acc.; and sometimes ellipt.—by dropping the words ‘home,’ ‘house,’ or the like—with gen.

WITH DAT.

A. LOC.

I. WITH MOTION; gener. the motion to the borders, limits of an object, and thus opp. to frá:

1. towards, against, with or without the notion of arrival, esp. connected with verbs denoting motion (verba movendi et eundi), e. g. fara, ganga, koma, lúta, snúa, rétta at…; Otkell laut at Skamkatli, O. louted (i. e. bowed down) towards S., Nj. 77, Fms. xi. 102; sendimaðrinn sneri ( turned) hjöltum sverðsins at konungi, towards the king, i. 15; hann sneri egginni at Ásgrími, turned the edge towards A., Nj. 220; rétta e-t at e-m, to reach, hand over, Ld. 132; ganga at, to step towards, Ísl. ii. 259.

2. denoting proximity, close up to, up to; Brynjólfr gengr … allt at honum, B. goes quite up to him, Nj. 58; Gunnarr kom þangat at þeim örunum, G. reached them even there with his arrows, 115; þeir kómust aldri at honum, they could never get near him, to close quarters, id.; reið maðr at þeim (up to them), 274; þeir höfðu rakit sporin allt at ( right up to) gammanum, Fms. i. 9; komu þeir at sjó fram, came down to the sea, Bárð. 180.

3. without reference to the space traversed, to or at; koma at landi, to land, Ld. 38, Fms. viii. 358; ríða at dyrum, Boll. 344; hlaupa at e-m, to run up to, run at, Fms. vii. 218, viii. 358; af sjáfarganginum er hann gekk at landinu, of the surf dashing against the shore, xi. 6; vísa ólmum hundi at manni, to set a fierce hound at a man, Grág. ii. 118; leggja e-n at velli, to lay low, Eg. 426, Nj. 117; hníga at jörðu, at grasi, at moldu, to bite the dust, to die, Njarð. 378; ganga at dómi, a law term, to go into court, of a plaintiff, defendant, or bystander, Nj. 87 (freq.)

4. denoting a motion along, into, upon; ganga at stræti, to walk along the street, Korm. 228, Fms. vii. 39; at ísi, on the ice, Skálda 198, Fms. vii. 19, 246, viii. 168, Eb. 112 new Ed. (á is perh. wrong); máttu menn ganga bar yfir at skipum einum, of ships alone used as a bridge, Fas. i. 378; at höfðum, at nám, to trample on the slain on the battle-field, Lex. Poët.; at ám, along the rivers; at merkiósum, at the river’s mouth, Grág. ii. 355; at endilöngu baki, all along its back, Sks. 100.

5. denoting hostility, to rush at, assault; renna at, hlaupa at, ganga, fara, ríða, sækja, at e-m, (v. those words), whence the nouns atrenna, athlaup, atgangr, atför, atreið, atsókn, etc.

β. metaph., kom at þeim svefnhöfgi, deep sleep fell on them, Nj. 104. Esp. of weather, in the impers. phrase, hríð, veðr, vind, storm görir at e-m, to be overtaken by a snow storm, gale, or the like; görði þá at þeim þoku mikla, they were overtaken by a thick fog, Bárð. 171.

6. denoting around, of clothing or the like; bregða skikkju at höfði sér, to wrap his cloak over his head, Ld. 62; vefja motri at höfði sér, to wrap a snood round her head, 188; sauma at, to stick, cling close, as though sewn on; sauma at höndum sér, of tight gloves, Bs. i. 453; kyrtill svá þröngr sem saumaðr væri at honum, as though it were stitched to him, Nj. 214; vafit at vándum dreglum, tight laced with sorry tags, id.; hosa strengd fast at beini, of tight hose, Eg. 602; hann sveipar at sér iðrunum ok skyrtunni, he gathers up the entrails close to him and the skirt too, Gísl. 71; laz at síðu, a lace on the side, to keep the clothes tight, Eg. 602.

β. of burying; bera grjót at einum, to heap stones upon the body, Eg. 719; var gör at þeim dys or grjóti, Ld. 152; gora kistu at líki, to make a coffin for a body, Eb. 264, Landn. 56, Ld. 142.

γ. of summoning troops or followers; stefna at sér mönnum, to summon men to him, Nj. 104; stefna at sér liði, Eg. 270; kippa mönnum at sér, to gather men in haste, Ld. 64.

7. denoting a business, engagement; ríða at hrossum, at sauðum, to go looking after after horses, watching sheep, Glúm. 362, Nj. 75; fara at fé, to go to seek for sheep, Ld. 240; fara at heyi, to go a-haymaking, Dropl. 10; at veiðum, a-hunting; at fuglum, a-fowling; at dýrum, a-sbooting; at fiski, a-fishing; at veiðiskap, Landn. 154, Orkn. 416 (in a verse), Nj. 25; fara at landskuldum, to go a-collecling rents, Eg. 516; at Finnkaupum, a-marketing with Finns, 41; at féföngum, a-plundering, Fms. vii. 78; ganga at beina, to wait on guests, Nj. 50; starfa at matseld, to serve at table, Eb. 266; hitta e-n at nauðsynjum, on matters of business; at máli, to speak with one, etc., Fms. xi. 101; rekast at e-m, to pursue one, ix. 404; ganga at liði sér, to go suing for help, Grág. ii. 384.

β. of festivals; snúa, fá at blóti, veizlu, brullaupi, to prepare for a sacrificial banquet, wedding, or the like, hence at-fangadagr, Eb. 6, Ld. 70; koma at hendi, to happen, befall; ganga at sínu, to come by one’s own, to take it, Ld. 208; Egill drakk hvert full er at honum kom, drained every horn that came to him, Eg. 210; komast at keyptu, to purchase dearly, Húv. 46.

8. denoting imaginary motion, esp. of places, cp. Lat. spectare, vergere ad…, to look or lie towards; horfði botninn at höfðanum, the bight of the bay looked toward the headland, Fms. i. 340, Landn. 35; also, skeiðgata liggr at læknum, leads to the brook, Ísl. ii. 339; á þann arminn er vissi at sjánum, on that wing which looked toward the sea, Fms. viii. 115; sár þau er horft höfðu at Knúti konungi, xi. 309.

β. even connected with verbs denoting motion; Gilsáreyrr gengr austan at Fljótinu, G. extends, projects to F. from the east, Hrafh. 25; hjá sundi því, er at gengr þingstöðinni, Fms. xi. 85.

II. WITHOUT MOTION; denoting presence at, near, by, at the side of, in, upon; connected with verbs like sitja, standa, vera…; at kirkju, at church, Fms. vii. 251, K. f). K. 16, Ld. 328, Ísl. ii. 270, Sks. 36; vera at skála, at húsi, to be in, at home, Landn. 154; at landi, Fms. i. 82; at skipi, on shipboard, Grág. i. 209, 215; at oldri, at a banquet, inter pocula; at áti, at dinner, at a feast, inter edendum, ii. 169, 170; at samförum ok samvistum, at public meetings, id.; at dómi, in a court; standa (to take one’s stand) norðan, sunnan, austan, vestan at dómi, freq. in the proceedings at trials in lawsuits, Nj.; at þingi, present at the parliament, Grág. i. 142; at lögbergi, o n the hill of laws, 17, Nj.; at baki e-m, at the back of.

2. denoting presence, partaking in; sitja at mat, to sit at meat, Fms. i. 241; vera at veizlu, brullaupi, to be at a banquet, nuptials, Nj. 51, Ld. 70: a law term, vera at vígi, to be an accessory in manslaying, Nj. 89, 100; vera at e-u simply means to be about, be busy in, Fms. iv. 237; standa at máli, to stand by one in a case, Grág. ii. 165, Nj. 214; vera at fóstri, to be fostered, Fms. i. 2; sitja at hégóma, to listen to nonsense, Ld. 322; vera at smíð, to be at one’s work, Þórð. 62: now absol., vera at, to go on with, be busy at.

3. the law term vinna eið at e-u has a double meaning:

α. vinna eið at bók, at baugi, to make an oath upon the book by laying the band upon it, Landn. 258, Grág., Nj.; cp. Vkv. 31, Gkv. 3. 3, Hkv. 2. 29, etc.: ‘við’ is now used in this sense.

β. to confirm a fact (or the like) by an oath, to swear to, Grág. i. 9, 327.

γ. the law phrase, nefna vátta at e-u, of summoning witnesses to a deed, fact, or the like; nefna vátta at benjum, to produce evidence, witnesses as to the wounds, Nj., Grág.; at görð, Eg. 738; at svörum, Grág. i. 19: this summoning of witnesses served in old lawsuits the same purpose as modern pleadings and depositions; every step in a suit to be lawful must be followed by such a summoning or declaration.

4. used ellipt., vera at, to be about, to be busy at; kvalararnir er at vóru at pína hann, who were tormenting him; þar varstu at, you were there present, Skálda 162; at várum þar, Gísl. (in a verse): as a law term ‘vera at’ means to be guilty, Glúm. 388; vartattu at þar, Eg. (in a verse); hence the ambiguity of Glum’s oath, vask at þar, I was there present: var þar at kona nokkur ( was there busy) at binda sár manna, Fms. v. 91; hann var at ok smíðaði skot, Rd. 313; voru Varbelgir at ( about) at taka af, þau lög …, Fms. ix. 512; ek var at ok vafk, I was about weaving, xi. 49; þeir höfðu verit at þrjú sumur, they had been busy at it for three summers, x. 186 (now very freq.); koma at, come in, to arrive unexpectedly; Gunnarr kom at í því, G. came in at that moment; hvaðan komtú nú at, whence did you come? Nj. 68, Fms. iii. 200.

5. denoting the kingdom or residence of a king or princely person; konungr at Danmörk ok Noregi, king of…, Fms. i. 119, xi. 281; konungr, jarl, at öllum Noregi, king, earl, over all N., íb. 3, 13, Landn. 25; konungr at Dyflinni, king of Dublin, 25; but í or yfir England!, Eg. 263: cp. the phrase, sitja at landi, to reside, of a king when at home, Hkr. i. 34; at Joini, Fms. xi. 74: used of a bishop; biskup at Hólum, bishop of Hólar, Íb. 18, 19; but biskup í Skálaholti, 19: at Rómi, at Rome, Fbr. 198.

6. in denoting a man’s abode (vide p. 5, col. 1, l. 27), the prep. ‘at’ is used where the local name implies the notion of by the side of, and is therefore esp. applied to words denoting a river, brook, rock, mountain, grove, or the like, and in some other instances, by, at, e. g. at Hofi (a temple), Landn. 198; at Borg ( a castle), 57; at Helgafelli (a mountain), Eb. constantly so; at Mosfelli, Landn. 190; at Hálsi (a hill), Fms. xi. 22; at Bjargi, Grett. 90; Hálsum, Landn. 143; at Á ( river), 296, 268; at Bægisá, 212; Giljá, 332; Myrká, 211; Vatnsá, id.; þverá, Glúm. 323; at Fossi (a ‘force’ or waterfall), Landn. 73; at Lækjamoti (waters-meeting), 332; at Hlíðarenda ( end of the lithe or hill), at Bergþórshváli, Nj.; at Lundi (a grove), at Melum (sandhill), Landn. 70: the prep. ‘á’ is now used in most of these cases, e. g. á Á, á Hofi, Helgafelli, Felli, Hálsi, etc.

β. particularly, and without any regard to etymology, used of the abode of kings or princes, to reside at; at Uppsölum, at Haugi, Alreksstöðum, at Hlöðum, Landn., Fms.

γ. konungr lét kalla at stofudyrum, the king made a call at the hall door, Eg. 88; þeir kölluðu at herberginu, they called at the inn, Fms. ix. 475.

7. used ellipt. with a gen., esp. if connected with such words as gista, to be a guest, lodge, dine, sup (of festivals or the like) at one’s home; at Marðar, Nj. 4; at hans, 74; þingfesti at þess bóanda, Grág. i. 152; at sín, at one’s own home, Eg. 371, K. Þ. K. 62; hafa náttstað at Freyju, at the abode of goddess Freyja, Eg. 603; at Ránar, at Ran’s, i. e. at Ran’s house, of drowned men who belong to the queen of the sea, Ran, Eb. 274; at hins heilaga Ólafs konungs, at St. Olave’s church, Fms. vi. 63: cp. ad Veneris, εις Κίμωνος.

B. TEMP.

I. at, denoting a point or period of time; at upphafi, at first, in the beginning, Ld. 104; at lyktum, at síðustu, at lokum, at last; at lesti, at last, Lex. Poët., more freq. á lesti; at skilnaði, at parting, at last, Band. 3; at fornu, in times of yore, formerly, Eg. 267, D. I. i. 635; at sinni, as yet, at present; at nýju, anew, of present time; at eilífu, for ever and ever; at skömmu, soon, shortly, Ísl. ii. 272, v. l.

II. of the very moment when anything happens, the beginning of a term; denoting the seasons of the year, months, weeks, the hours of the day; at Jólum, at Yule, Nj. 46; at Pálmadegi, on Palm Sunday, 273; at Páskum, at Easter; at Ólafsvöku, on St. Olave’s eve, 29th of July, Fms.; at vetri, at the beginning of the winter, on the day when winter sets in, Grág. 1. 151; at sumarmálum, at vetrnáttum; at Tvímánaði, when the Double month (August) begins, Ld. 256, Grág. i. 152; at kveldi, at eventide, Eg. 3; at því meli, at that time; at eindaga, at the term, 395; at eykð, at 4 o’clock p. m., 198; at öndverðri æfi Abra hams, Ver. II; at sinni, now at once, Fms. vi. 71; at öðruhverju, every now and then.

β. where the point of time is marked by some event; at þingi, at the meeting of parliament (18th to the 24th of June), Ld. 182; at féránsdómi, at the court of execution, Grág. i. 132, 133; at þinglausnum, at the close of the parliament (beginning of July), 140; at festarmálum, eðr at eiginorði, at betrothal or nuptials, 174; at skilnaði, when they parted, Nj. 106 (above); at öllum minnum, at the general drinking of the toasts, Eg. 253; at fjöru, at the ebb; at flæðum, at flood tide, Fms. viii. 306, Orkn. 428; at hrörum, at an inquest, Grág. i. 50 (cp. ii. 141, 389); at sökum, at prosecutions, 30; at sinni, now, as yet, v. that word.

III. ellipt., or adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr,’ of the future time:

1. ellipt., komanda or the like being understood, with reference to the seasons of the year; at sumri, at vetri, at hausti, at vári, next summer, winter…, Ísl. ii. 242; at miðju sumri, at ári, at Midsummer, next year, Fas. i. 516; at miðjum vetri, Fms. iv. 237,

2. adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr;’ at ári komanda, Bárð. 177; at vári er kemr, Dipl. iii. 6.

IV. used with an absolute dat. and with a pres. part.:

1. with pres. part.; at morni komanda, on the coming morrow, Fms. i. 263; at sér lifanda, in vivo, in his life time, Grág. ii. 202; at þeim sofundum, illis dormientibus, Hkr. i. 234; at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all, Fms. x. 329; at úvitanda konungi, illo nesciente, without his knowledge, 227; at áheyranda höfðingjanum, in the chief’s bearing, 235.

2. of past time with a past part. (Lat. abl. absol.); at hræjum fundnum, on the bodies being found, Grág. ii. 87; at háðum dómum ok föstu þingi, during the session, the courts being set, i. 484; at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks past, Band. 13; at svá búnu, so goru, svá komnu, svá mæltu (Lat. quibus rebus gestis, dictis, quo facto, dicto, etc.), v. those words; at úreyndu, without trial, without put ting one to the test, Ld. 76; at honum önduðum, illo mortuo.

3. ellipt. without ‘at;’ en þessum hlutum fram komnum, when all this has been done, Eb. 132.

V. in some phrases with a slight temp, notion; at görðum gildum, the fences being strong, Gþl. 387; at vörmu spori, at once, whilst the trail is warm; at úvörum, unawares, suddenly, Nj. 95, Ld. 132; at þessu, at this cost, on that condition, Eb. 38, Nj. 55; at illum leiki, to have a narrow escape, now við illan leik, Fms. ix. 473; at því, that granted, Grág. ii. 33: at því, at pessu, thereafter, thereupon, Nj. 76.

2. denoting succession, without interruption, one after another; hverr at öðrum, annarr maðr at öðrum, aðrir at öðrum; eina konu at annarri, Eg. 91, Fms. ii. 236, vi. 25, Bs. i. 22, 625. 80, H. E. i. 522.

C. METAPH. and in various cases:

I. denoting a transformation or change into, to, with the notion of destruction; brenna at ösku, at köldum kolum, to burn to ashes, to be quite destroyed, Fms. i. 105, Edda 3, Sturl. ii. 51: with the notion of transformation or transfiguration, in such phrases as, verða at e-u, göra e-t at e-u, to turn it into:

α. by a spell; verða at ormi, to become a snake, Fms. xi. 158; at flugdrekum, Gullþ. 7; urðu þau bönd at járni, Edda 40.

β. by a natural process it can often be translated by an acc. or by as; göra e-n at urðarmanni, to make him an outlaw, Eg. 728; græða e-n at orkumlamanni, to heal him so as to maim him for life, of bad treatment by a leech, Eb. 244: in the law terms, sár görist at ben, a wound turning into a ben, proving to be mortal, Grág., Nj.; verða at ljúgvætti, to prove to be a false evidence, Grág. i. 44; verða at sætt, to turn into reconciliation, Fms. i. 13; göra e-t at reiði málum, to take offence at, Fs. 20; at nýjum tíðindum, to tell as news, Nj. 14; verða fátt at orðum, to be sparing of words, 18; kveðr (svá) at orði, to speak, utter, 10; verða at þrifnaði, to geton well, Fms. vii. 196: at liði, at skaða, to be a help or hurt to one; at bana, to cause one’s death, Nj. 223, Eg. 21, Grág. ii. 29: at undrum, at hlátri, to become a wonder, a laughing-stock, 623. 35, Eg. 553.

II. denoting capacity, where it may be translated merely by as or for; gefa at Jólagjöf, to give for a Christmas-box, Eg. 516; at gjöf, for a present; at erfð, at láni, launum, as an inheritance, a loan; at kaupum ok sökum, for buying and selling, Ísl. ii. 223, Grág. i. 423; at solum, ii. 204; at herfangi, as spoil or plunder; at sakbótum, at niðgjöldum, as a compensation, weregeld, i. 339, ii. 171, Hkr. ii. 168; taka at gíslingu, to take as an hostage, Edda 15; eiga e-n at vin, at óvin, to have one as friend or foe, illt er at eiga þræl at eingavin, ‘tis ill to have a thrall for one’s bosom friend (a proverb), Nj. 77; fæða, eiga, at sonum (syni), to beget a son, Edda 8, Bs. i. 60 (but eiga at dóttur cannot be said); hafa möttul at yfirhöfn, Fms. vii. 201; verða nökkut at manni (mönnum), to turn out to be a worthy man; verða ekki at manni, to turn out a worthless person, xi. 79, 268.

2. in such phrases as, verða at orðum, to come towards, Nj. 26; var þat at erindum, Eg. 148; hafa at veizlum, to draw veizlur ( dues) from, Fms. iv. 275, Eg. 647; gora e-t at álitum, to take it into consideration, Nj. 3.

III. denoting belonging to, fitting, of parts of the whole or the like; vóru at honum (viz. the sword) hjölt gullbúin, the sword was ornamented with a hilt of gold, Ld. 330; umgörð at ( belonging to) sverði, Fs. 97 (Hs.) in a verse; en ef mór er eigi at landinu, if there be no turf moor belonging to the land, Grág. ii. 338; svá at eigi brotnaði nokkuð at Orminum, so that no harm happened to the ship Worm, Fms. x. 356; hvatki er meiðir at skipinu eðr at reiðinu eðr at viðum, damage done t o …, Grág. ii. 403; lesta ( to injure) hús at lásum, við eðr torfi, 110; ef land hefir batnað at húsum, if the land has been bettered as to its buildings, 210; cp. the phrase, göra at e-u, to repair: hamlaðr at höndum eðr fótum, maimed as to hands or feet, Eg. 14; heill at höndum en hrumr at fótum, sound in band, palsied in foot, Fms. vii. 12; lykill at skrá, a key belonging, fitting, to the latch; hurð at húsi; a key ‘gengr at’ ( fits) skrá; and many other phrases. 2. denoting the part by which a thing is held or to which it belongs, by; fá, taka at…, to grasp by …; þú tókt við sverði hans at hjöltunum, you took it by the bill, Fms. i. 15; draga út björninn at hlustum, to pull out the bear by the ears, Fas. ii. 237; at fótum, by the feet, Fms. viii. 363; mæla ( to measure) at hrygg ok at jaðri, by the edge or middle of the stuff, Grág. i. 498; kasta e-m at höfði, head foremost, Nj. 84; kjósa e-n at fótum, by the feet alone, Edda 46; hefja frændsemi at bræðrum, eða at systkynum, to reckon kinship by the brother’s or the sister’s side, Grág. i. 28; kjósa at afli, at álitum, by strength, sight, Gs. 8, belongs rather to the following.

IV. in respect of, as regards, in regard to, as to; auðigr at fé, wealthy of goods, Nj. 16, 30, 51; beztir hestar at reið, the best racehorses, 186; spekingr at viti, a man of great intellect, Ld. 124; vænn (fagr) at áliti, fair of face, Nj. 30, Bs. i. 61; kvenna vænst at ásjónu ok vits munum, of surpassing beauty and intellect, Ld. 122; fullkominn at hyggju, 18; um fram aðra menn at vinsældum ok harðfengi, of surpassing popularity and hardihood, Eb. 30.

2. a law term, of challenging jurors, judges, or the like, on account of, by reason of; ryðja ( to challenge) at mægðum, guðsifjum, frændsemi, hrörum …; at leiðarlengd, on account of distance, Grág. i. 30, 50, Nj. (freq.)

3. in arithm. denoting proportion; at helmingi, þriðjungi, fjórðungi, tíunda hluta, cp. Lat. ex asse, quadrante, for the half, third… part; máttr skal at magni (a proverb), might and main go together, Hkr. ii. 236; þú munt vera at því mikill fræðimaðr á kvæði, in the same proportion, as great, Fms. vi. 391, iii. 41; at e-s hluta, at… leiti, for one’s part, in turn, as far as one is con cerned, Grág. i. 322, Eg. 309, Fms. iii. 26 (freq.): at öðrum kosti, in the other case, otherwise (freq.) More gener., at öllu, öngu, in all (no) respects; at sumu, einhverju, nokkru, partly; at flestu, mestu, chiefly.

4. as a paraphrase of a genitive; faðir, móðir at barni (= barns); aðili at sök (= sakar a.); morðingi at barni (= barns), faðerni at barni (barns); illvirki at fé manna (cp. Lat. felo de se), niðrfall at sökum (saka), land gangr at fiskum (fiska), Fms. iv. 274, Grág. i. 277, 416, N. G. L. i. 340, K. Þ. K. 112, Nj. 21.

5. the phrase ‘at sér,’ of himself or in himself, either ellipt. or by adding the participle görr, and with the adverbs vel, ilia, or the like; denoting breeding, bearing, endowments, character …; væn kona, kurteis ok vel at sér, an accomplished, well-bred, gifted lady, Nj. I; vitr maðr ok vel at sér, a wise man and thoroughly good in feeling and bearing, 5; þú ert maðr vaskr ok vel at þér, 49; gerr at sér, accomplished, 51; bezt at sér görr, the finest, best bred man, 39, Ld. 124; en þó er hann svá vel at sér, so generous, Nj. 77; þeir höfðingjar er svá vóru vel at sér, so noble-minded, 198, Fms. i. 160: the phrase ‘at sér’ is now only used of knowledge, thus maðr vel að sér means clever, a man of great knowledge; illa að sér, a blockhead.

6. denoting relations to colour, size, value, age, and the like; hvitr, svartr, grár, rauðr … at lit, white, swarthy, gray, red … of colour, Bjarn. 55, 28, Ísl. ii. 213, etc.; mikill, lítill, at stærð, vexti, tall, small of size, etc.; ungr, gamall, barn, at aldri, young, old, a child of age; tvítugr, þrítugr … at aldri, twenty, thirty … years of age (freq.): of animals; kyr at fyrsta, öðrum … kálfi, a cow having calved once, twice…, Jb. 346: value, amount, currency of money, kaupa e-t at mörk, at a mark, N. G. L. 1. 352; ok er eyririnn at mörk, amounts to a mark, of the value of money, Grág. i. 392; verðr þá at hálfri murk vaðmála eyrir, amounts to a half a mark, 500.

β. metaph. of value, connected with verbs denoting to esteem, hold; meta, hafa, halda at miklu, litlu, vettugi, engu, or the like, to hold in high or low esteem, to care or not to care for (freq.): geta e-s at góðu, illu, öngu, to mention one favourably, unfavourably, indifferently … (freq.), prop. in connection with. In many cases it may be translated by in; ekki er mark at draumum, there is no meaning in dreams, no heed is to be paid to dreams, Sturl. ii. 217; bragð er at þá barnið finnr, it goes too far, when even a child takes offence (a proverb): hvat er at því, what does it mean? Nj. 11; hvert þat skip er vöxtr er at, any ship of mark, i. e. however small, Fms. xi. 20.

V. denoting the source of a thing:

1. source of infor mation, to learn, perceive, get information from; Ari nam ok marga fræði at Þuríði, learnt as her pupil, at her hands, as St. Paul at the feet of Gamaliel, (just as the Scotch say to speer or ask at a person); Ari nam at Þorgeiri afraðskoll, Hkr. (pref.); nema kunnáttu at e-m, used of a pupil, Fms. i. 8; nema fræði at e-m, xi. 396.

2. of receiving, acquiring, buying, from; þiggja e-t at e-m, to receive a thing at his hands, Nj. 51; líf, to be pardoned, Fms. x. 173; kaupa land at e-m, to buy it from, Landn. 72, Íb. II, (now af is more freq. in this sense); geta e-t at e-m, to obtain, procure at one’s hands, impetrare; þeirra manna er þeir megu þat geta at, who are willing to do that, Grág. i. I; heimta e-t at e-m (now af), to call in, demand (a debt, money), 279; fala e-t at e-m (now af), to chaffer for or cheapen anything, Nj. 73; sækja e-t at e-m, to ask, seek for; sækja heilræði ok traust at e-m, 98; leiga e-t at e-m (now af), to borrow, Grág. ii. 334; eiga e-t (fé, skuld) at e-m, to be owed money by any one, i. 399: metaph. to deserve of one, Nj. 113; eiga mikit at e-m, to have much to do with, 138; hafa veg, virðing, styrk, at, to derive honour, power from, Fms. vi. 71, Eg. 44, Bárð. 174; gagn, to be of use, Ld. 216; mein, tálma, mischief, disadvantage, 158, 216, cp. Eg. 546; ótta, awe, Nj. 68.

VI. denoting conformity, according to, Lat. secundum, ex, after; at fornum sið, Fms. i. 112; at sögn Ara prests, as Ari relates, on his authority, 55; at ráði allra vitrustu manna, at the advice of, Ísl. ii. 259, Ld. 62; at lögum, at landslögum, by the law of the land, Grág., Nj.; at líkindum, in all likelihood, Ld. 272; at sköpum, in due course (poet.); at hinum sama hætti, in the very same manner, Grág. i. 90; at vánum, as was to be expected, Nj. 255; at leyfi e-s, by one’s leave, Eg. 35; úlofi, Grág. ii. 215; at ósk, vilja e-s, as one likes…; at mun, id. (poet.); at sólu, happily (following the course of the sun), Bs. i. 70, 137; at því sem …, as to infer from …, Nj. 124: ‘fara, láta, ganga at’ denotes to yield, agree to, to comply with, give in, Ld. 168, Eg. 18, Fms. x. 368.

VII. in phrases nearly or quite adverbial; gróa, vera græddr, at heilu, to be quite healed, Bárð. 167, Eb. 148; bíta at snöggu, to bite it bare, Fms. xi. 6; at þurru, till it becomes dry, Eb. 276; at endilöngu, all along, Fas. ii; vinnast at litlu, to avail little, 655 x. 14; at fullu, fully, Nj. 257, Hkr. i. 171; at vísu, of a surety, surely, Ld. 40; at frjálsu, freely, 308; at líku, at sömu, equally, all the same, Hom. 80, Nj. 267; at röngu, wrongly, 686 B. 2; at hófi, temperately, Lex. Poët.; at mun, at ráði, at marki, to a great extent; at hringum, utterly, all round, (rare), Fms. x. 389; at einu, yet, Orkn. 358; svá at einu, því at einu, allt at einu, yet, however, nevertheless.

VIII. connected with comparatives of adverbs and adjectives, and strengthening the sense, as in Engl. ‘the,’ so much the more, all the more; ‘at’ heldr tveimr, at ek munda gjarna veita yðr öllum, where it may be translated by so much the more to two, as I would willingly grant it to all of you; hon grét at meir, she grat (wept) the more, Eg. 483; þykir oss at líkara, all the more likely, Fms. viii. 6; þess at harðari, all the harder, Sturl. iii. 202 C; svá at hinn sé bana at nær, Grág. ii. 117; at auðnara, at hólpnara, the more happy, Al. 19, Grett. 116 B; þess at meiri, Fms. v. 64; auvirðismaðr at meiri, Sturl. ii. 139; maðr at vaskari, id.; at feigri, any the more fey, Km. 22; maðr at verri, all the worse, Nj. 168; ok er ‘at’ firr…, at ek vil miklu heldr, cp. Lat. tantum abest… ut, Eg. 60.

β. following after a negation; eigi at síðr, no less, Nj. 160, Ld. 146; eigi… at meiri maðr, any better, Eg. 425, 489; erat héra at borgnara, any the better off for that, Fms. vii. 116; eigi at minni, no less for that, Edda (pref.) 146; eigi at minna, Ld. 216, Fms. ix. 50; ekki at verri drengr, not a bit worse for that, Ld. 42; er mér ekki son minn at bættari, þótt…, 216; at eigi vissi at nær, any more, Fas. iii. 74.

IX. following many words:

1. verbs, esp. those denoting, a. to ask, enquire, attend, seek, e. g. spyrja at, to speer (ask) for; leita at, to seek for; gæta, geyma at, to pay attention to; huga, hyggja at; hence atspurn, to enquire, aðgæzla, athugi, attention, etc.

β. verbs denoting laughter, play, joy, game, cp. the Engl. to play at …, to laugh at …; hlæja, brosa at e-u, to laugh, smile at it; leika (sér) at e-u, to play at; þykja gaman at, to enjoy; hæða, göra gys at …, to make sport at …

γ. verbs denoting assistance, help; standa, veita, vinna, hjálpa at; hence atstoð, atvinna, atverk:—mode, proceeding; fara at, to proceed, hence atför and atferli:—compliance; láta, fara at e-u, v. above:— fault; e-t er at e-u, there is some fault in it, Fms. x. 418; skorta at e-u, to fall short of, xi. 98:—care, attendance; hjúkra at, hlýja at, v. these words:—gathering, collecting; draga, reiða, flytja, fá at, congerere:—engagement, arrival, etc.; sækja at, to attack; ganga at, vera at, to be about; koma at, ellipt. to arrive: göra at, to repair: lesta at, to impair (v. above); finna at, to criticise (mod.); telja at, id.: bera at, to happen; kveða at e-m, to address one, 625. 15, (kveða at (ellipt.) now means to pronounce, and of a child to utter (read) whole syllables); falla at, of the flood-tide (ellipt.): metaph. of pains or straits surrounding one; þreyngja, herða at, to press hard: of frost and cold, with regard to the seasons; frjósa at, kólna at, to get really cold (SI. 44), as it were from the cold stiffening all things: also of the seasons themselves; hausta, vetra að, when the season really sets in; esp. the cold seasons, ‘sumra at’ cannot be used, yet we may say ‘vára að’ when the spring sets in, and the air gets mild.

δ. in numberless other cases which may partly be seen below.

2. connected ellipt. with adverbs denoting motion from a place; norðan, austan, sunnan, vestan at, those from the north, east…; utan at, innan at, from the outside or inside.

3. with adjectives (but rarely), e. g. kærr, elskr, virkr (affectionate), vandr (zealous), at e-m; v. these words.

WITH ACC.

TEMP.: Lat. post, after, upon, esp. freq. in poetry, but rare in prose writers, who use eptir; nema reisi niðr at nið (= maðr eptir mann), in succession, of erecting a monument, Hm. 71; in prose, at þat. posthac, deinde, Fms. x. 323, cp. Rm., where it occurs several times, 2, 6, 9, 14, 18, 24, 28, 30, 35; sonr á at taka arf at föður sinn, has to take the inheritance after his father, Grág. i. 170 new Ed.; eiga féránsdóm at e-n, Grág. i. 89; at Gamla fallinn, after the death of G., Fms. x. 382; in Edda (Gl.) 113 ought to be restored, grét ok at Oð, gulli Freyja, she grat (wept) tears of gold for her lost husband Od. It is doubtful if it is ever used in a purely loc. sense; at land, Grág. (Sb.)ii. 211, is probably corrupt; at hönd = á hönd, Grág. (Sb.) i. 135; at mót = at móti, v. this word.

☞ In compounds (v. below) at- or að- answers in turn to Lat. ad- or in- or con-; atdráttr e. g. denotes collecting; atkoma is adventus: it may also answer to Lat. ob-, in atburðr = accidence, but might also be compared with Lat. occurrere.

2.

and að, the mark of the infinitive [cp. Goth. du; A. S. and Engl. to; Germ. zu]. Except in the case of a few verbs ‘at’ is always placed immediately before the infinitive, so as to be almost an inseparable part of the verb.

I. it is used either,

1. as, a simple mark of the infinitive, only denoting an action and independent of the subject, e. g. at ganga, at hlaupa, at vita, to go, to run, to know; or,

2. in an objective sense when following such verbs as bjóða segja…, to invite, command …; hann bauð þeim at ganga, at sitja, be bade, ordered them to go, sit, or the like; or as gefa and fá; gefa e-m at drekka, at eta, to give one to drink or to eat, etc. etc.

β. with the additional notion of intention, esp. when following verba cogitandi; hann ætlaði, hafði í hyggju at fara, he had it in his mind to go (where ‘to go’ is the real object to ætlaði and hafði í hyggju).

3. answering to the Gr. ινα, denoting intention, design, in order to; hann gékk í borg at kaupa silfr, in order to buy, Nj. 280; hann sendi riddara sína með þeim at varðveita þær, 623. 45: in order to make the phrase more plain, ‘svá’ and ‘til’ are frequently added, esp. in mod. writers, ‘svá at’ and contr. ‘svát’ (the last however is rare), ‘til at’ and ‘til þess at,’ etc.

II. in the earlier times the infin., as in Greek and Lat., had no such mark; and some verbs remain that cannot be followed by ‘at;’ these verbs are almost the same in Icel. as in Engl.:

α. the auxiliary verbs vil, mun ( μέλλω), skal; as in Engl. to is never used after the auxiliaries shall, will, must; ek vil ganga, I will go; ek mun fara, (as in North. E.) I mun go; ek skal göra þat, I shall do that, etc.

β. the verbs kunna, mega, as in Engl. I can or may do, I dare say; svá hygginn at hann kunni fyrir sökum ráða, Grág. ii. 75; í öllu er prýða má góðan höfðingja, Nj. 90; vera má, it may be; vera kann þat, id.: kunnu, however, takes ‘at’ whenever it means to know, and esp. in common language in phrases such as, það kann að vera, but vera kann þat, v. above.

γ. lata, biðja, as in Engl. to let, to bid; hann lét (bað) þá fara, he let (bade) them go.

δ. þykkja, þykjast, to seem; hann þykir vera, he is thought to be: reflex., hann þykist vera, sibi videtur: impers., mér þykir vera, mibi videtur, in all cases without ‘at.’ So also freq. the verbs hugsa, hyggja, ætla, halda, to think, when denoting merely the act of thinking; but if there be any notion of intention or purpose, they assume the ‘at;’ thus hann ætlaði, hugði, þá vera góða menn, he thought them to be, acc. c. inf.; but ætlaði at fara, meant to go, etc.

ε. the verbs denoting to see, bear; sjá, líta, horfa á … ( videre); heyra, audire, as in Engl. I saw them come, I heard him tell, ek sá þá koma, ek heyrði hann tala.

ζ. sometimes after the verbs eiga and ganga; hann gékk steikja, be went to roast, Vkv. 9; eiga, esp. when a mere periphrasis instead of skal, móður sína á maðr fyrst fram færa (better at færa), Grág. i. 232; á þann kvið einskis meta, 59; but at meta, id. l. 24; ráða, nema, göra …, freq. in poetry, when they are used as simple auxiliary verbs, e. g. nam hann sér Högna hvetja at rúnum, Skv. 3. 43.

η. hljóta and verða, when used in the sense of must (as in Engl. he must go), and when placed after the infin.of another verb; hér muntu vera hljóta, Nj. 129; but hljóta at vera: fara hlýtr þú, Fms. 1. 159; but þú hlýtr at fara: verða vita, ii. 146; but verða at vita: hann man verða sækja, þó verðr (= skal) maðr eptir mann lifa, Fms. viii. 19, Fas. ii. 552, are exceptional cases.

θ. in poetry, verbs with the verbal neg. suffix ‘-at,’ freq. for the case of euphony, take no mark of the infinitive, where it would be indispensable with the simple verb, vide Lex. Poët. Exceptional cases; hvárt sem hann vill ‘at’ verja þá sök, eða, whatever he chooses, either, Grág. i. 64; fyrr viljum vér enga kórónu at bera, en nokkut ófrelsi á oss at taka, we would rather bear no crown than …, Fms. x. 12; the context is peculiar, and the ‘at’ purposely added. It may be left out ellipt.; e. g. þá er guð gefr oss finnast (= at finnast), Dipl. ii. 14; gef honum drekka (= at drekka), Pr. 470; but mostly in unclassical writers, in deeds, or the like, written nastily and in an abrupt style.

3.

and að, conj. [Goth. þatei = οτι; A. S. þät; Engl. that; Germ, dass; the Ormul. and Scot. at, see the quotations sub voce in Jamieson; in all South-Teutonic idioms with an initial dental: the Scandinavian idioms form an exception, having all dropped this consonant; Swed. åt, Dan. at]. In Icel. the Bible translation (of the 16th century) was chiefly based upon that of Luther; the hymns and the great bulk of theol. translations of that time were also derived from Germany; therefore the germanised form það frequently appears in the Bible, and was often employed by theol. authors in sermons since the time of the Reformation. Jón Vidalin, the greatest modern Icel. preacher, who died in 1720, in spite of his thoroughly classical style, abounds in the use of this form; but it never took root in the language, and has never passed into the spoken dialect. After a relative or demonstr. pronoun, it freq. in mod. writers assumes the form eð, hver eð, hverir eð, hvað eð, þar eð. Before the prep. þú (tu), þ changes into t, and is spelt in a single word attú, which is freq. in some MS.;—now, however, pronounced aððú, aððeir, aððið …, = að þú…, with the soft Engl. th sound. It gener. answers to Lat. ut, or to the relat. pron. qui.

I. that, relative to svá, to denote proportion, degree, so…, that, Lat. tam, tantus, tot…, ut; svá mikill lagamaðr, at…, so great a lawyer, that…, Nj. 1; hárið svá mikit, at þat…, 2; svá kom um síðir því máli, at Sigvaldi, it came so far, that…, Fms. xi. 95, Edda 33. Rarely and unclass., ellipt. without svá; Bæringr var til seinn eptir honum, at hann … (= svá at), Bær. 15; hlífði honum, at hann sakaði ekki, Fas. iii. 441.

II. it is used,

1. with indic, in a narrative sense, answering partly to Gr. οτι, Lat. quod, ut, in such phrases as, it came to pass, happened that …; þat var einhverju sinni, at Höskuldr hafði vinaboð, Nj. 2; þat var á palmdrottinsdag, at Ólafr konungr gékk út um stræti, Fms. ii. 244.

2. with subj. answering to Lat. acc. with infin., to mark the relation of an object to the chief verb, e. g. vilda ek at þú réðist, I wished that you would, Nj. 57.

β. or in an oblique sentence, answering to ita ut…; ef svá kann verða at þeir láti…, if it may be so that they might…, Fms. xi. 94.

γ. with a subj. denoting design, answering to ϊνα or Lat. ut with subj., in order that; at öll veraldar bygðin viti, ut sciat totus orbis, Stj.; þeir skáru fyrir þá melinn, at þeir dæi eigi af sulti, ut ne fame perirent, Nj. 265; fyrsti hlutr bókarinnar er Kristindómsbálkr, at menn skili, in order that men may understand, Gþl. p. viii.

III. used in connection with conjunctions,

1. esp. þó, því, svá; þó at freq. contr. þótt; svát is rare and obsolete.

α. þóat, þótt (North. E. ‘thof’), followed by a subjunctive, though, although, Lat. etsi, quamquam (very freq.); þóat nokkurum mönnum sýnist þetta með freku sett… þá viljum vér, Fms. vi. 21: phrases as, gef þú mér þó at úverðugri, etsi indignae (dat.), Stj. MS. col. 315, are unclass., and influenced by the Latin: sometimes ellipt. without ‘þó,’ eigi mundi hón þá meir hvata göngu sinni, at (= þóat) hon hraeddist bana sinn, Edda 7, Nj. 64: ‘þó’ and ‘at’ separated, svarar hann þó rétt, at hann svari svá, Grág. i. 23; þó er rétt at nýta, at hann sé fyrr skorinn, answering to Engl. yet—though, Lat. attamen —etsi, K. Þ. K.

β. því at, because, Lat. nam, quia, with indic.; því at allir vóru gerfiligir synir hans, Ld. 68; því at af íþróttum verðr maðr fróðr, Sks. 16: separated, því þegi ek, at ek undrumst, Fms. iii. 201; því er þessa getið, at þat þótti, it i s mentioned because …, Ld. 68.

γ. svá at, so that, Lat. ut, ita ut; grátrinn kom upp, svá at eingi mátti öðrum segja, Edda 37: separated, so … that, svá úsvúst at …, so bad weather, that, Bs. i. 339, etc.

2. it is freq. used superfluously, esp. after relatives; hver at = hverr, quis; því at = því, igitur; hverr at þekkr ok þægiligr mun verða, Fms. v. 159; hvern stvrk at hann mundi fá, 44; ek undrumst hvé mikil ógnarraust at liggr í þér, iii. 201; því at ek mátti eigi þar vera elligar, því at þar var kristni vel haldin, Fas. i. 340.

IV. as a relat. conj.:

1. temp, when, Lat. quum; jafnan er ( est) mér þá verra er ( quum) ek fer á braut þaðan, en þá at ( quum) ek kem, Grett. 150 A; þar til at vér vitum, till we know, Fms. v. 52; þá at ek lýsta (= þá er), when, Nj. 233.

2. since, because; ek færi yðr (hann), at þér eruð í einum hrepp allir, because of your being all of the same Rape, Grág. i. 260; eigi er kynlegt at ( though) Skarphéðinn sé hraustr, at þat er mælt at…, because (since) it is a saying that…, Nj. 64.

V. in mod. writers it is also freq. superfluously joined to the conjunctions, ef að = ef, si, (Lv. 45 is from a paper MS.), meðan að = meðan, dum; nema að, nisi; fyrst að = fyrst, quoniam; eptir að, síðan að, postquam; hvárt að = hvárt, Lat. an. In the law we find passages such as, þá er um er dæmt eina sök, at þá eigu þeir aptr at ganga í dóminn, Grág. i. 79; ef þing ber á hina helgu viku, at þat á eigi fyrir þeim málum at standa, 106; þat er ok, at þeir skulu reifa mál manna, 64; at þeir skulu með váttorð þá sök sækja, 65: in all these cases ‘at’ is either superfluous or, which is more likely, of an ellipt. nature, ‘the law decrees’ or ‘it is decreed’ being understood. The passages Sks. 551, 552, 568, 718 B, at lokit (= at ek hefi lokit), at hugleitt (= at ek hefi h.), at sent (= at ek hefi sent) are quite exceptional.

4.

and að, an indecl. relat. pronoun [Ulf. þatei = ος, ος αν, οστις, οσπερ, οιος, etc.; Engl. that, Ormul. at], with the initial letter dropped, as in the conj. at, (cp. also the Old Engl. at, which is both a conj. and a pronoun, e. g. Barbour vi. 24 in Jamieson: ‘I drede that his gret wassalage, | And his travail may bring till end, | That at men quhilc full litil wend.’ | ‘His mestyr speryt quhat tithings a t he saw.’—Wyntoun v. 3. 89.) In Icel. ‘er’ (the relat. pronoun) and ‘at’ are used indifferently, so that where one MS. reads ‘er,’ another reads ‘at,’ and vice versâ; this may easily be seen by looking at the MSS.; yet as a rule ‘er’ is much more freq. used. In mod. writers ‘at’ is freq. turned into ‘eð,’ esp. as a superfluous particle after the relative pron. hverr (hver eð, hvað eð, hverir eð, etc.), or the demonstr. sá (sá eð, þeir eð, hinir eð, etc.):—who, which, that, enn bezta grip at ( which) hafði til Íslands komið, Ld. 202; en engi mun sá at ( cui) minnisamara mun vera, 242; sem blótnaut at ( quae) stærst verða, Fms. iii. 214; þau tiðendi, at mér þætti verri, Nj. 64, etc. etc.

5.

n. collision (poët.); odda at, crossing of spears, crash of spears, Höfuðl. 8.

β. a fight or bait of wild animals, esp. of horses, v. hesta-at and etja.

6.

the negative verbal suffix, v. -a.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > AT
5 BERA

tote

* * *

I)

(ber; bar, bárum; borinn), v.

I.

1) to bear, carry, convey (bar B. biskup í börum suðr í Hvamm);

bera (farm) af skipi, to unload a ship;

bera (mat) af borði, to take (the meat) off the table;

bera e-t á hesti, to carry on horseback;

2) to wear (bera klæði, vápn, kórónu);

bera œgishjálm, to inspire fear and awe;

3) to bear, produce, yield (jörðin berr gras; tré bera aldin, epli);

4) to bear, give birth to, esp. of sheep and cows;

kýr hafði borit kálf, had calved;

absol., ván at hón mundi bera, that the cow would calve;

the pp. is used of men; hann hafði verit blindr borinn, born blind;

verða borinn í þenna heim, to be born into this world;

þann sóma, sem ek em til borinn, born to;

borinn e-m, frá e-m (rare), born of;

Nótt var Nörvi borin, was the daughter of N.;

borinn Sigmundi, son of S.;

5) bera e-n afli, ofrafli, ofrliði, ofrmagni, ofríki, to bear one down, overcome, oppress, one by odds or superior force;

bera e-n ráðum, to overrule one;

bera e-n málum, to bear one down (wrongfully) in a lawsuit;

bera e-n sök, to charge one with a fault;

bera e-n bjóri, to make drunk with beer;

verða bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise;

borinn verkjum, overcome by pains;

þess er borin ván, there is no hope, all hope is gone;

borinn baugum, bribed; cf. bera fé á e-n, to bribe one;

6) to lear, be capable of bearing (of a ship, horse, vehicle);

þeir hlóðu bæði skipin sem borð báru, with as much as they could carry;

fig., to sustain, support (svá mikill mannfjöldi, at landit fekk eigi borit);

of persons, to bear up against, endure, support (grief, sorrow, etc.);

absol., bar hann drengiliga, he bore it manfully;

similarly, bera (harm) af sér, berast vel (illa, lítt) af;

bar hon sköruliga af sér, she bore up bravely;

hversu berst Auðr af um bróðurdauðann, how does she bear it?

hon berst af lítt, she is much cast down;

bera sik vel upp, to bear well up against;

7) bera e-t á, e-n á hendr e-m, to charge or tax one with (eigi erum vér þess valdir, er þú berr á oss);

bera (kvið) á e-n, to give a verdict against, declare guilty (í annat sinn báru þeir á Flosa kviðinn);

bera af e-m (kviðinn), to give a verdict for;

bera e-t af sér, to deny having done a thing;

bera or bera vitni, vætti, to bear witness, testify;

bera or bera um e-t, to give a verdict in a case;

bera e-n sannan at sök, to prove guilty by evidence;

bera e-n undan sök, to acquit;

bera í sundr frændsemi þeirra, to prove (by evidence) that they are not relations;

bera e-m vel (illa) söguna, to give a favourable (unfavourable) account of one;

refl. (pass.), berast, to be proved by evidence (þótt þér berist þat faðerni, er þú segir);

8) to set forth, report, tell;

bera e-m kveðju (orð, orðsending), to bring one a greeting, compliments (word, message);

bera or bera fram erindi sín fyrir e-n, to state (tell) one’s errand or to plead one’s case before one;

bera e-m njósn, to apprise one;

bera e-t upp, to produce, mention, tell;

bera upp gátu, to give (propound) a riddle;

bera upp erindi sín, to state one’s errand;

bera saman ráð sín, to consult together;

eyddist það ráð, er þeir báru saman, which they had designed;

9) to keep, hold, bear, of a title (bera jarlnafn, konnungsnafn);

bera (eigi) giptu, gæfu, hammingju, auðnu til e-s, (not) to have the good fortune to do a thing (bar hann enga gæfu til at þjóna þér);

bera vit, skyn, kunnáttu á e-t, to have knowledge of, uniderstanding about;

vel viti borinn, endowed with a good understanding;

bera hug, áræði, þor, traust til e-s, to have courage, confidence to do a thing;

bera áhyggju fyrir e-u, to be concerned about;

bera ást, elsku, hatr til e-s, to bear affection, love, hatred to;

10) to bear off or away, carry off (some gain);

bera sigr af e-m, af e-u, to carry off the victory from or in;

hann hafði borit sigr af tveim orustum, he had been victorious in two battles;

bera hærra (lægra) hlut to get the best (the worst) of it;

bera efra (hærra) skjöld, to gain the victory;

bera hátt (lágt) höfuðit, to bear the head high (low), to be in high (low) spirits;

bera halann bratt, lágt, to cock up or let fall the tail, to be in high or low spirits;

11) with preps.:

bera af e-m, to surpass;

en þó bar Bolli af, surpassed all the rest;

bera af sér högg, lag to ward off, parry a blow or thrust;

bera eld at, to set fire to;

bera fjötur (bönd) at e-m, to put fetters (bonds) on one;

bera vápn á e-n, to attack one with sharp weapons;

bera á or í, to smear, anoint (bera vatn í augu sér, bera tjöru í höfuð sér);

bera e-t til, to apply to, to try if it fits (bera til hvern lykil af öðrum at portinu);

bera e-t um, to wind round;

þá bar hann þá festi um sik, made it fast round his body;

bera um með e-n, to bear with, have patience with;

bera út barn, to expose a child;

12) refl., berast mikit (lítit) á, to bear oneself proudly (humbly);

láta af berast, to die;

láta fyrir berast e-s staðar, to stay, remain in a place (for shelter);

berast e-t fyrir, to design a thing (barst hann þat fyrir at sjá aldregi konur);

at njósna um, hvat hann bærist fyrir, to inquire into what he was about;

berast vápn á, to attack one another;

berast at or til, to happen;

þat barst at (happened) á einhverju sumri;

ef svá harðliga kann til at berast, if that misfortune does happen;

berast í móti, to happen, occur;

hefir þetta vel í móti borizt, it is a happy coincidence;

berast við, to be prevented;

ok nú lét almáttugr guð við berast kirkjubrunann, prevented, stopped the burning of the church;

II. impers., denoting a sort of passive or involuntary motion;

1) with acc., it bears or carries one to a place;

alla berr at sama brunni, all come to the same well (end);

bar hann (acc.) þá ofan gegnt Ösuri, he happened to come down just opposite to Ö.;

esp. of ships and sailors; berr oss (acc.) til Íslands eða annarra landa, we drift to Iceland or other countries;

þá (acc.) bar suðr í haf, they were carried out southwards;

Skarpheðin (acc.) bar nú at þeim, S. came suddenly upon them;

ef hann (acc.) skyldi bera þar at, if he should happen to come there;

e-n berr yfir, one is borne onwards, of a bird flying, a man riding;

hann (acc.) bar skjótt yfir, it passed quickly (of a flying meteor);

2) followed by preps.:

Gunnar sér, at rauðan kyrtil bar við glugginn, that a red kirtle passed before the window;

hvergi bar skugga (acc.) á, there was nowhere a shadow;

e-t berr fram (hátt), is prominent;

Ólafr konungr stóð í lyptingu ok bar hann (acc.) hátt mjök, stood out conspicuously;

e-t berr á milli, comes between;

leiti (acc.) bar á milli, a hill hid the prospect;

fig. e-m berr e-t á milli, they are at variance about a thing;

mart (acc.) berr nú fyrir augu mér, many things come now before my eyes;

veiði (acc.) berr í hendr e-m, game falls to one’s lot;

e-t berr undan, goes amiss, fails;

bera saman, to coincide;

bar nöfn þeirra saman, they had the same name;

fig., with dat.; bar öllum sögum vel saman, all the stories agreed well together;

fund várn bar saman, we met;

3) bera at, til, við, at hendi, til handa, to befall, happen, with dat. of the person;

svá bar at einn vetr, it happened one winter;

þó at þetta vandræði (acc.) hafi nú borit oss (dat.) at hendi, has befallen us;

bar honum svá til, it so befell him;

þat bar við (it so happened), at Högni kom;

raun (acc.) berr á, it is proved by fact;

4) of time, to fall upon;

ef þing (acc.) berr á hina helgu viku, if the parliament falls in the holy week;

bera í móti, to coincide, happen exactly at the same time;

5) denoting cause;

e-t berr til, causes a thing;

konungr spurði, hvat til bæri úgleði hans, what was the cause of his grief;

ætluðu þat þá allir, at þat mundi til bera, that that was the reason;

berr e-m nauðsyn til e-s, one is obliged to do a thing;

6) e-t berr undir e-n, falls to a person’s lot;

hon á arf at taka, þegar er undir hana berr, in her turn;

e-t berr frá, is surpassing;

er sagt, at þat (acc.) bæri frá, hvé vel þeir mæltu, it was extraordinary how well they spoke;

7) e-t berr bráðum, happens of a sudden;

e-t berr stóru, stórum (stœrrum), it amounts to much (more), it matters a great deal (more), it is of great (greater) importance;

8) absol. or with an adv., vel, illa, with infin.;

e-m berr (vel, illa) at gera e-t, it becomes, beseems one (well, ill) to do a thing (berr yðr vel, herra, at sjá sannindi á þessu máli);

used absol., berr vel, illa, it is beseeming, proper, fit, or unbeseeming, improper, unfit (þat þykkir eigi illa bera, at).

II)

(að), v. to make bare (hon beraði likam sinn).

III)

f. she-bear, = birna.

* * *

1.

u, f.

I. [björn], a she-bear, Lat. ursa; the primitive root ‘ber’ remains only in this word (cp. berserkr and berfjall), björn (q. v.) being the masc. in use, Landn. 176, Fas. i. 367, Vkv. 9: in many Icel. local names, Beru-fjörðr, -vík, from Polar bears; fem. names, Bera, Hallbera, etc., Landn.

II. a shield, poët., the proverb, baugr er á beru sæmstr, to a shield fits best a baugr (q. v.), Lex. Poët., Edda (Gl.); hence names of poems Beru-drápa, Eg.

2.

bar, báru, borit, pres. berr,—poët. forms with the suffixed negative; 3rd pers. sing. pres. Indic. berrat, Hm. 10; 3rd pers. sing. pret. barat, Vellekla; 1st pers. sing. barkak, Eb. 62 (in a verse); barkat ek, Hs. 8; 2nd pers. sing. bartattu; 3rd pers. pl. bárut, etc., v. Lex. Poët. [Gr. φέρειν; Lat. ferre; Ulf. bairan; A. S. beran; Germ. gebären; Engl. bear; Swed. bära; Dan. bære].

A. Lat. ferre, portare:

I. prop. with a sense of motion, to bear, carry, by means of the body, of animals, of vehicles, etc., with acc., Egil tók mjöðdrekku eina mikla, ok bar undir hendi sér, Eg. 237; bar hann heim hrís, Rm. 9; konungr lét bera inn kistur tvær, báru tveir menn hverja, Eg. 310; bera farm af skipi, to unload a ship, Ld. 32; bera (farm) á skip, to load a ship, Nj. 182; tóku alla ösku ok báru á á ( amnem) út, 623, 36; ok bar þat ( carried it) í kerald, 43, K. Þ. K. 92; b. mat á borð, í stofu, to put the meat on table, in the oven; b. mat af borði, to take it off table, Eb. 36, 266, Nj. 75, Fms. ix. 219, etc.

2. Lat. gestare, ferre, denoting to wear clothes, to carry weapons; skikkja dýr er konungr hafði borit, Eg. 318; b. kórónu, to wear the crown, Fms. x. 16; atgeir, Nj. 119; vápn, 209: metaph., b. ægishjálm, to inspire fear and awe; b. merki, to carry the flag in a battle, Nj. 274, Orkn. 28, 30, 38, Fms. v. 64, vi. 413; bera fram merki, to advance, move in a battle, vi. 406.

3. b. e-t á hesti (áburðr), to carry on horseback; Auðunn bar mat á hesti, Grett. 107; ok bar hrís á hesti, 76 new Ed.; þeir báru á sjau hestum, 98 new Ed.

II. without a sense of motion:

1. to give birth to; [the root of barn, bairn; byrja, incipere; burðr, partus; and burr, filius: cp. Lat. parĕre; also Gr. φέρειν, Lat. ferre, of child-bearing.] In Icel. prose, old as well as mod., ‘ala’ and ‘fæða’ are used of women; but ‘bera,’ of cows and sheep; hence sauðburðr, casting of lambs, kýrburðr; a cow is snembær, siðbær, Jólabær, calves early, late, at Yule time, etc.; var ekki ván at hon ( the cow) mundi b. fyr en um várit, Bs. i. 193, 194; kýr hafði borit kálf, Bjarn. 32; bar hvárrtveggi sauðrinn sinn burð, Stj. 178: the participle borinn is used of men in a great many compds in a general sense, aptrborinn, árborinn, endrborinn, frjálsborinn, goðborinn, höldborinn, hersborinn, konungborinn, óðalborinn, samborinn, sundrborinn, velborinn, úborinn, þrælborinn, etc.; also out of compds, mun ek eigi upp gefa þann sóma, sem ek em til borinn, … entitled to by inheritance, Ld. 102; hann hafði blindr verit borinn, born blind, Nj. 152, Hdl. 34, 42, Vsp. 2: esp. borinn e-m, born of one, Rm. 39, Hdl. 12, 23, 27, Hðm. 2, Gs. 9, Vþm. 25, Stor. 16, Vkv. 15; borinn frá e-m, Hdl. 24: the other tenses are in theol. Prose used of Christ, hans blezaða son er virðist at láta berast hingað í heim af sinni blezaðri móður, Fms. i. 281; otherwise only in poetry, eina dóttur (acc.) berr álfröðull (viz. the sun, regarded as the mother), Vþm. 47; hann Gjálp um bar, hann Greip um bar …, Hdl. 36: borit (sup.), Hkv. 1. 1.

β. of trees, flowers; b. ávöxt, blóm …, to bear fruit, flower … (freq.); bar aldinviðrinn tvennan blóma, Fms. ix. 265; cp. the phrase, bera sitt barr, v. barr.

2. denoting to load, with acc. of the person and dat. of the thing:

α. in prop. sense; hann hafði borit sik mjök vápnum, he had loaded himself with arms, i. e. wore heavy armour, Sturl. iii. 250.

β. but mostly in a metaph. sense; b. e-n ofrafli, ofrmagni, ofrliði, ofríki, magni, to bear one down, to overcome, oppress one, by odds or superior force, Grág. i. 101, ii. 195, Nj. 80, Hkr. ii. 371, Gþl. 474, Stj. 512, Fms. iii. 175 (in the last passage a dat. pers. badly); b. e-n ráðum, to overrule one, Nj. 198, Ld. 296; b. e-n málum, to bearhim down (wrongfully) in a lawsuit, Nj. 151; b. e-n bjóri, to make drunk, Vkv. 26: medic., borinn verkjum, sótt, Bjarn. 68, Og. 5; bölvi, Gg. 2: borne down, feeling heavy pains; þess er borin ván, no hope, all hope is gone, Ld. 250; borinn sök, charged with a cause, Fms. v. 324, H. E. i. 561; bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise, Fms. iv. 111; b. fé, gull á e-n, to bring one a fee, gold, i. e. to bribe one, Nj. 62; borinn baugum, bribed, Alvm. 5; always in a bad sense, cp. the law phrase, b. fé í dóm, to bribe a court, Grág., Nj. 240.

3. to bear, support, sustain, Lat. sustinere, lolerare, ferre:

α. properly, of a ship, horse, vehicle, to bear, be capable of bearing; þeir hlóðu bæði skipin sem borð báru, all that they could carry, Eb. 302;—a ship ‘berr’ ( carries) such and such a weight; but ‘tekr’ ( takes) denotes a measure of fluids.

β. metaph. to sustain, support; dreif þannig svá mikill mannfjöldi at landit fékk eigi borit, Hkr. i. 56; but metaph. to bear up against, endure, support grief, sorrow, etc., sýndist öllum at Guð hefði nær ætlað hvat hann mundi b. mega, Bs. i. 139; biðr hann friðar ok þykist ekki mega b. reiði hans, Fms. iii. 80: the phrase, b. harm sinn í hljóði, to suffer silently; b. svívirðing, x. 333: absol., þótti honum mikit víg Kjartans, en þó bar hann drengilega, he bore it manfully, Ld. 226; er þat úvizka, at b. eigi slíkt, not to bear or put up with, Glúm. 327; b. harm, to grieve, Fms. xi. 425: in the phrases, b. sik, b. af sér, berask, berask vel (illa, lítt), to bear oneself, to bear up against misfortune; Guðrúnu þótti mikit fráfall Þorkels, en þó bar hon sköruliga af sér, she bore her bravely up, Ld. 326–328; lézt hafa spurt at ekkjan bæri vel af sér harmana, Eb. 88; berask af; hversu bersk Auðr af um bróðurdauðann? (how does she bear it?); hón bersk af lítt ( she is much borne down) ok þykir mikit, Gísl. 24; niun oss vandara gört en öðrum at vér berim oss vel (Lat. fortiter ferre), Nj. 197; engi maðr hefði þar jamvel borit sik, none bad borne himself so boldly, Sturl. iii. 132; b. sik vel upp, to bear well up against, bear a stout heart, Hrafn. 17; b. sik beiskliga ( sorely), Stj. 143; b. sik lítt, to be downcast, Fms. ii. 61; b. sik at göra e-t, to do one’s best, try a thing.

III. in law terms or modes of procedure:

1. bera járn, the ordeal of bearing hot iron in the hand, cp. járnburðr, skírsla. This custom was introduced into Scandinavia together with Christianity from Germany and England, and superseded the old heathen ordeals ‘hólmganga,’ and ‘ganga undir jarðarmen,’ v. this word. In Norway, during the civil wars, it was esp. used in proof of paternity of the various pretenders to the crown, Fms. vii. 164, 200, ix. Hák. S. ch. 14, 41–45, viii. (Sverr. S.) ch. 150, xi. (Jómsv. S.) ch. 11, Grett. ch. 41, cp. N. G. L. i. 145, 389. Trial by ordeal was abolished in Norway A. D. 1247. In Icel. It was very rarely mentioned, vide however Lv. ch. 23 (paternity), twice or thrice in the Sturl. i. 56, 65, 147, and Grág. i. 341, 361; it seems to have been very seldom used there, (the passage in Grett. S. l. c. refers to Norway.)

2. bera út (hence útburðr, q. v.), to expose children; on this heathen custom, vide Grimm R. A. In heathen Icel., as in other parts of heathen Scandinavia, it was a lawful act, but seldom exercised; the chief passages on record are, Gunnl. S. ch. 3 (ok þat var þá siðvandi nokkurr, er land var allt alheiðit, at þeir menn er félitlir vórn, en stóð ómegð mjök til handa létu út bera börn sín, ok þótti þó illa gört ávalt), Fs. Vd. ch. 37, Harð. S. ch. 8, Rd. ch. 7, Landn. v. ch. 6, Finnb. ch. 2, Þorst. Uxaf. ch. 4, Hervar. S. ch. 4, Fas. i. 547 (a romance); cp. Jómsv. S. ch. 1. On the introduction of Christianity into Icel. A. D. 1000, it was resolved that, in regard to eating of horse-flesh and exposure of children, the old laws should remain in force, Íb. ch. 9; as Grimm remarks, the exposure must take place immediately after birth, before the child had tasted food of any kind whatever, and before it was besprinkled with water (ausa vatni) or shown to the father, who had to fix its name; exposure, after any of these acts, was murder, cp. the story of Liafburga told by Grimm R. A.); v. Also a Latin essay at the end of the Gunnl. S. (Ed. 1775). The Christian Jus Eccl. put an end to this heathen barbarism by stating at its very beginning, ala skal barn hvert er borit verðr, i. e. all children, if not of monstrous shape, shall be brought up, N. G. L. i. 339, 363.

β. b. út (now more usual, hefja út, Am. 100), to carry out for burial; vera erfðr ok tit borinn, Odd. 20; var hann heygðr, ok út borinn at fornum sið, Fb. i. 123; b. á bál, to place (the body and treasures) upon the pile, the mode of burying in the old heathen time, Fas. i. 487 (in a verse); var hon borin á bálit ok slegit í eldi, Edda 38.

B. Various and metaph. cases.

I. denoting motion:

1. ‘bera’ is in the Grág. the standing law term for delivery of a verdict by a jury (búar), either ‘bera’ absol. or adding kvið ( verdict); bera á e-n, or b. kvið á e-n, to give a verdict against, declare guilty; bera af e-m, or b. af e-m kviðinn, to give a verdict for; or generally, bera, or b. um e-t, to give a verdict in a case; bera, or b. vitni, vætti, also simply means to testify, to witness, Nj. 111, cp. kviðburðr ( delivering of verdict), vitnisburðr ( bearing witness), Grág. ii. 28; eigi eigu búar ( jurors) enn at b. um þat hvat lög eru á landi hér, the jurors have not to give verdict in (to decide) what is law in the country, cp. the Engl. maxim, that jurors have only to decide the question of evidence, not of law, Grág. (Kb.) ch. 85; eigi eru búar skildir at b. um hvatvetna; um engi mál eigu þeir at skilja, þau er erlendis ( abroad) hafa görzt, id.; the form in delivering the verdict—höfum vér ( the jurors), orðit á eitt sáttir, berum á kviðburðinn, berum hann sannan at sökinni, Nj. 238, Grág. i. 49, 22, 138, etc.; í annat sinn báru þeir á Flosa kviðinn, id.; b. annattveggja af eðr á; b. undan, to discharge, Nj. 135; b. kvið í hag ( for), Grág. i. 55; b. lýsingar vætti, Nj. 87; b. vitni ok vætti, 28, 43, 44; b. ljúgvitni, to bear false witness, Grág. i. 28; b. orð, to bear witness to a speech, 43; bera frændsemi sundr, to prove that they are not relations, N. G. L. i. 147: reflex., berask ór vætti, to prove that oneself is wrongly summoned to bear witness or to give a verdict, 44: berask in a pass. sense, to be proved by evidence, ef vanefni b. þess manns er á hönd var lýst, Grág. i. 257; nema jafnmæli berisk, 229; þótt þér berisk þat faðerni er þú segir, Fms. vii. 164; hann kvaðst ætla, at honum mundi berask, that he would be able to get evidence for, Fs. 46.

β. gener. and not as a law term; b. á, b. á hendr, to charge; b. e-n undan, to discharge, Fs. 95; eigi erum vér þessa valdir er þú berr á oss, Nj. 238, Ld. 206, Fms. iv. 380, xi. 251, Th. 78; b. e-m á brýnn, to throw in one’s face, to accuse, Greg. 51; b. af sér, to deny; eigi mun ek af mér b., at… ( non diffitebor), Nj. 271; b. e-m gott vitni, to give one a good…, 11; b. e-m vel (illa) söguna, to bear favourable (unfavourable) witness of one, 271.

2. to bear by word of mouth, report, tell, Lat. referre; either absol. or adding kveðju, orð, orðsending, eyrindi, boð, sögu, njósn, frétt…, or by adding a prep., b. fram, frá, upp, fyrir; b. kveðju, to bring a greeting, compliment, Eg. 127; b. erindi (sín) fyrir e-n, to plead one’s case before one, or to tell one’s errand, 472, 473; b. njósn, to apprise, Nj. 131; b. fram, to deliver (a speech), talaði jungherra Magnús hit fyrsta erindi (M. made his first speech in public), ok fanst mönnum mikit um hversu úbernsliga fram var borit, Fms. x. 53; (in mod. usage, b. fram denotes gramm. to pronounce, hence ‘framburðr,’ pronunciation); mun ek þat nú fram b., I shall now tell, produce it, Ld. 256, Eg. 37; b. frá, to attest, relate with emphasis; má þat frá b., Dropl. 21; b. upp, to produce, mention, tell, þótt slík lygi sé upp borin fyrir hann, though such a lie be told him, Eg. 59; þær (viz. charges) urðu engar upp bornar ( produced) við Rút, Nj. 11; berr Sigtryggr þegar upp erindi sín (cp. Germ. ojfenbaren), 271, Ld. 256; b. upp gátu, to give (propound) a riddle, Stj. 411, Fas. i. 464; b. fyrir, to plead as an excuse; b. saman ráð sín, or the like, to consult, Nj. 91; eyddist þat ráð, er þeir báru saman, which they had designed, Post. 656 A. ii; b. til skripta, to confess (eccl.), of auricular confession, Hom. 124, 655 xx.

II. in a metaphorical or circumlocutory sense, and without any sense of motion, to keep, hold, bear, of a title; b. nafn, to bear a name, esp. as honour or distinction; tignar nafn, haulds nafn, jarls nafn, lends manns nafn, konungs nafn, bónda nafn, Fms. i. 17, vi. 278, xi. 44, Gþl. 106: in a more metaph. sense, denoting endowments, luck, disposition, or the like, b. (ekki) gæfu, hamingju, auðnu til e-s, to enjoy (enjoy not) good or bad luck, etc.; at Þórólfr mundi eigi allsendis gæfu til b. um vináttu við Harald, Eg. 75, 112, 473, Fms. iv. 164, i. 218; úhamingju, 219; b. vit, skyn, kunnáttu á (yfir) e-t, to bring wit, knowledge, etc., to bear upon a thing, xi. 438, Band. 7; hence vel (illa) viti borinn, well (ill) endowed with wit, Eg. 51; vel hyggjandi borinn, well endowed with reason, Grág. ii; b. hug, traust, áræði, þor, til e-s, to have courage, confidence … to do a thing, Gullþ. 47, Fms. ix. 220, Band. 7; b. áhyggju, önn fyrir, to care, be concerned about, Fms. x. 318; b. ást, elsku til e-s, to bear affection, love to one; b. hatr, to hate: b. svört augu, to have dark eyes, poët., Korm. (in a verse); b. snart hjarta, Hom. 5; vant er þat af sjá hvar hvergi berr hjarta sitt, where he keeps his heart, Orkn. 474; b. gott hjarta, to bear a proud heart, Lex. Poët., etc. etc.; b. skyndi at um e-t, to make speed with a thing, Lat. festinare, Fms. viii. 57.

2. with some sense of motion, to bear off or away, carry off, gain, in such phrases as, b. sigr af e-m, af e-u, to carry off the victory from or in …; hann hafði borit sigr af tveim orrustum, er frægstar hafa verit, he had borne off the victory in two battles, Fms. xi. 186; bera banaorð af e-m, to slay one in a fight, to be the victor; Þorr berr banaorð af Miðgarðsormi, Edda 42, Fms. x. 400: it seems properly to mean, to bear off the fame of having killed a man; verðat svá rík sköp, at Regin skyli mitt banorð bera, Fm. 39; b. hærra, lægra hlut, ‘to bear off the higher or the lower lot,’ i. e. to get the best or the worst of it, or the metaphor is taken from a sortilege, Fms. ii. 268, i. 59, vi. 412; b. efra, hærra skjöld, to carry the highest shield, to get the victory, x. 394, Lex. Poët.; b. hátt (lágt) höfuðit, to bear the head high (low), i. e. to be in high or low spirits, Nj. 91; but also, b. halann bratt (lágt), to cock up or let fall the tail (metaph. from cattle), to be in an exultant or low mood: sundry phrases, as, b. bein, to rest the bones, be buried; far þú til Íslands, þar mun þér auðið verða beinin at b., Grett. 91 A; en þó hygg ek at þú munir hér b. beinin í Norðrálfunni, Orkn. 142; b. fyrir borð, to throw overboard, metaph. to oppress; verðr Þórhalli nú fyrir borð borinn, Th. was defied, set at naught, Fær. 234; b. brjóst fyrir e-m, to be the breast-shield, protection of one, Fms. vii. 263: also, b. hönd fyrir höfuð sér, metaph. to put one’s hand before one’s head, i. e. to defend oneself; b. ægishjálm yfir e-m, to keep one in awe and submission, Fm. 16, vide A. I. 2.

III. connected with prepp., b. af, and (rarely) yfir (cp. afburðr, yfirburðr), to excel, surpass; eigi sá hvárttveggja féit er af öðrum berr, who gets the best of it, Nj. 15; en þó bar Bolli af, B. surpassed all the rest, Ld. 330; þat mannval bar eigi minnr af öðrum mönnum um fríðleik, afi ok fræknleik, en Ormrinn Langi af öðrum skipum, Fms. ii. 252; at hinn útlendi skal yfir b. ( outdo) þann sem Enskir kalla meistara, xi. 431: b. til, to apply, try if it fits; en er þeir báru til (viz. shoes to the hoof of a horse), þá var sem hæfði hestinum, ix. 55; bera til hvern lykil at öðrum at portinu, Thom. 141; b. e-t við, to try it on (hence viðburðr, experiment, effort): b. um, to wind round, as a cable round a pole or the like, Nj. 115; þá bar hann þá festi um sik, made it fast round his body, Fms. ix. 219; ‘b. e-t undir e-n’ is to consult one, ellipt., b. undir dóm e-s; ‘b. e-t fyrir’ is to feign, use as excuse: b. á, í, to smear, anoint; b. vatn í augu sér, Rb. 354; b. tjöru í höfuð sér, Nj. 181, Hom. 70, 73, cp. áburðr; b. gull, silfr, á, to ornament with gold or silver, Ld. 114, Finnb. 258: is now also used = to dung, b. á völl; b. vápn á e-n, to attack one with sharp weapons, Eg. 583, Fms. xi. 334: b. eld at, to set fire to, Nj. 122; b. fjötur (bönd) at e-m, to put fetters (bonds) on one, Fms. x. 172, Hm. 150: metaph. reflex., bönd berask at e-m, a law term, the evidence bears against one; b. af sér, to parry off; Gyrðr berr af sér lagit, G. parries the thrust off, Fms. x. 421; cp. A. II. 3. β.

IV. reflex., berask mikit á (cp. áburðr), to bear oneself proudly, or b. lítið á, to bear oneself humbly; hann var hinn kátasti ok barst á mikit, Fms. ii. 68, viii. 219, Eb. 258; b. lítið á, Clem. 35; láta af berask, to die; Óttarr vill skipa til um fjárfar sitt áðr hann láti af b., Fms. ii. 12: berask fyrir, to abide in a place as an asylum, seek shelter; hér munu vit láta fyrir b., Fas. iii. 471; berask e-t fyrir, to design a thing, be busy about, barsk hann þat fyrir at sjá aldregi konur, Greg. 53; at njósna um hvat hann bærist fyrir, to inquire into what he was about, Fms. iv. 184, Vígl. 19.

β. recipr. in the phrase, berask banaspjót eptir, to seek for one another’s life, Glúm. 354: b. vápn á, of a mutual attack with sharp weapons, Fms. viii. 53.

γ. pass., sár berask á e-n, of one in the heat of battle beginning to get wounds and give way, Nj.:—berask við, to be prevented, not to do; ok nú lét Almáttugr Guð við berast kirkjubrunnann, stopped, prevented the burning of the church, Fms. v. 144; en mér þætti gott ef við bærist, svá at hón kæmi eigi til þín, vi. 210, vii. 219; ok var þá búit at hann mundi þegar láta hamarinn skjanna honum, en hann lét þat við berask, he bethought himself and did not, Edda 35; því at mönnum þótti sem þannig mundi helzt úhæfa við berask, that mischief would thus be best prevented, Sturl. ii. 6, iii. 80.

C. IMPERS.:—with a sort of passive sense, both in a loc. and temp. sense, and gener. denotes an involuntary, passive motion, happening suddenly or by chance:

I. with acc. it bears or carries one to a place, i. e. one happens to come; the proverb, alla (acc.) berr at sama brunni, all come to the same well (end), Lat. omnes una manet nox; bar hann þá ofan gegnt Özuri, he happened to come in his course just opposite to Ö., Lat. delatus est, Dropl. 25: esp. of ships or sailors; nú berr svá til ( happens) herra, at vér komum eigi fram ferðinni, berr oss (acc.) til Íslands eðr annara landa, it bore us to I., i. e. if we drive or drift thither, Fms. iv. 176; þá (acc. pl.) bar suðr í haf, they drifted southwards, Nj. 124.

β. as a cricketing term, in the phrase, berr (bar) út knöttinn, the ball rolls out, Gísl. 26, cp. p. 110 where it is transit.; berr Gísli ok út knöttinn, vide Vígl. ch. 11, Grett. ch. 17, Vd. ch. 37, Hallfr. S. ch. 2.

γ. Skarpheðin (acc.) bar nú at þeim, Sk. came suddenly upon them, Nj. 144; bar at Hróaldi þegar allan skjöldinn, the shield was dashed against H.’s body, 198; ok skyldu sæta honum, ef hann (acc.) bæri þar at, if he should per chance come, shew himself there, Orkn. 406; e-n berr yfir, it bears one, i. e. one is borne onwards, as a bird flying, a man riding; þóttist vita, at hann (acc.) mundi fljótara yfir bera ef hann riði en gengi, that he would get on more fleetly riding than walking, Hrafn. 7; hann (acc.) bar skjótt yfir, he passed quickly, of a flying meteor, Nj. 194; e-n berr undan, escapes.

2. also with acc. followed by prepp. við, saman, jafnframt, hjá, of bodies coinciding or covering one another: loc., er jafnframt ber jaðrana tungls ok sólar, if the orb of the moon and sun cover each other, Rb. 34; þat kann vera stundum, at tunglit (acc.) berr jafht á millum vár ok sólar (i. e. in a moon eclipse), 108; ber nokkut jaðar (acc.) þess hjá sólar jaðri, 34; Gunnarr sér at rauðan kyrtil (acc.) bar við glugginn, G. sees that a red kirtle passed before the window, Nj. 114; bar fyrir utan þat skip vápnaburð (acc.) heiðingja (gen. pl.), the missiles of the heathens passed over the ship without hurting them, flew too high, Fms. vii. 232; hvergi bar skugga (acc.) á, nowhere a shadow, all bright, Nj. 118; þangat sem helzt mátti nokkut yfir þá skugga bera af skóginum, where they were shadowed (hidden) by the trees, Fms. x. 239; e-t berr fram (hátt), a body is prominent, Lat. eminet; Ólafr konungr stóð í lyptingunni, bar hann (acc.) hátt mjök, king O. stood out conspicuously, ii. 308; b. yfir, þótti mjök bera hljóð (acc.) þar yfir er Ólafr sat, the sound was heard over there where O. sat, Sturl. i. 21; b. á milli, something comes between; leiti (acc.) bar á milli, a hill hid the prospect, Nj. 263: metaph., e-m berr e-t á milli, they come to dissent, 13, v. 1.; b. fyrir augu (hence fyrirburðr, vision), of a vision or the like; mart (acc.) berr nú fyrir augu mér, ek sé …, many things come now before my eyes, 104; hann mundi allt þat er fyrir hann hafði borit, i. e. all the dream, 195; eina nótt berr fyrir hann í svefni mikla sýn, Fms. i. 137, Rd. 290; veiði (acc.) berr í hendr e-m (a metaphor from hunting), sport falls to one’s lot; hér bæri veiði í hendr nú, here would be a game, Nj. 252; e-t berr undan (a metaphor from fishing, hunting term), when one misses one’s opportunity; vel væri þá … at þá veiði (acc.) bæri eigi undan, that this game should not go amiss, 69; en ef þetta (acc.) berr undan, if this breaks down, 63; hon bað hann þá drepa einhvern manna hans, heldr en allt (acc.) bæri undan, rather than that all should go amiss, Eg. 258: absol., þyki mér illa, ef undan berr, if I miss it, Nj. 155; viljum vér ekki at undan beri at…, we will by no means miss it…, Fms. viii. 309, v. 1. The passage Bs. i. 416 (en fjárhlutr sá er átt hafði Ari, bar undan Guðmundi) is hardly correct, fjárhlut þann would run better, cp. bera undir, as a law term, below.

II. adding prepp.; b. við, at, til, at hendi, at móti, til handa …, to befall, happen, Lat. accidere, occurrere, with dat. of the person, (v. atburðr, viðburðr, tilburðr); engi hlut skyldi þann at b., no such thing should happen as…, Fms. xi. 76; svá bar at einn vetr, it befell, x. 201; þat hefir nú víst at hendi borit, er…, Nj. 174; þó þetta vandræði (acc.) hafi nú borit oss (dat.) at hendi, Eg. 7; b. til handa, id., Sks. 327; bar honum svá til, so it befell him, Fms. xi. 425; at honum bæri engan váðaligan hlut til á veginum, that nothing dangerous should befall him on the way, Stj. 212; bæri þat þá svá við, at hann ryfi, it then perchance might happen, that …, 102; þat bar við at Högni kom, 169, 172, 82; raun (acc.) berr á, it is proved by the fact, event, Fms. ix. 474, x. 185.

2. temp., e-t berr á, it happens to fall on …; ef þing (acc.) ber á hina helgu viku, if the parliament falls on the holy week (Whitsun), Grág. i. 106; ef Crucis messu (acc.) berr á Drottins dag, Rb. 44; berr hana (viz. Petrs messu, June 29) aldrei svá optarr á öldinni, 78; þat er nú berr oss næst, what has occurred of late, Sturl. iii. 182: b. í móti, to happen exactly at a time; þetta (acc.) bar í móti at þenna sama dag andaðist Brandr biskup, Bs. i. 468; b. saman, id.; bar þat saman, at pá var Gunnarr at segja brennusöguna, just when G. was about telling the story, Nj. 269.

3. metaph. of agreement or separation; en þat (acc.) þykir mjök saman b. ok þessi frásögn, Fms. x. 276: with dat., bar öllum sögum vel saman, all the records agreed well together, Nj. 100, v. l.; berr nú enn í sundr með þeim, Bjarna ok Þorkatli at sinni, B. and Th. missed each other, Vápn. 25.

4. denoting cause; e-t (acc.) berr til …, causes a thing; ætluðu þat þá allir, at þat mundi til bera, that that was the reason, Nj. 75; at þat beri til skilnaðar okkars, that this will make us to part (divorce), 261; konungr spurði, hvat til bæri úgleði hans, what was the cause of his grief? Fms. vi. 355; þat berr til tunglhlaups, Rb. 32.

β. meiri ván at brátt beri þat (acc.) til bóta, at herviliga steypi hans ríki, i. e. there will soon come help (revenge), Fms. x. 264; fjórir eru þeir hlutir er menn (acc.) berr í ætt á landi hér, there are four cases under which people may be adopted, Grág. i. 361.

γ. e-t berr undir e-n, falls to a person’s lot; hon á arf at taka þegar er undir hana berr, in her turn, 179; mikla erfð (acc.) bar undir hana, Mar. (Fr.); berr yfir, of surpassing, Bs. ii. 121, 158; b. frá, id. (fráburðr); herðimikill svá at þat (acc.) bar frá því sem aðrir menn, Eg. 305; er sagt, at þat bæri frá hve vel þeir mæltu, it was extraordinary how well they did speak, Jb. 11; bar þat mest frá hversu illa hann var limaðr, but above all, how…, Ó. H. 74.

5. with adverbial nouns in a dat. form; e-t berr bráðum, happens of a sudden; berr þetta (acc.) nú allbráðum, Fms. xi. 139; cp. vera bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise (above); berr stórum, stærrum, it matters a great deal; ætla ek stærrum b. hin lagabrotin (acc.), they are much more important, matter more, vii. 305; var þat góðr kostr, svá at stórum bar, xi. 50; hefir oss orðit svá mikil vanhyggja, at stóru berr, an enormous blunder, Gísl. 51; svá langa leið, at stóru bar, Fas. i. 116; þat berr stórum, hversu mér þóknast vel þeirra athæfi, it amounts to a great deal, my liking their service, i. e. I do greatly like, Fms. ii. 37; eigi berr þat allsmám hversu vel mér líkar, in no small degree do I like, x. 296.

β. with dat., it is fitting, becoming; svá mikit sem landeiganda (dat.) berr til at hafa eptir lögum, what he is legally entitled to, Dipl. iii. 10; berr til handa, it falls to one’s lot, v. above, Grág. i. 93.

III. answering to Lat. oportet, absolutely or with an adverb, vel, illa, with infinit.; e-m berr, it beseems, becomes one; berr þat ekki né stendr þvílíkum höfuðfeðr, at falsa, Stj. 132; berr yðr (dat.) vel, herra, at sjá sannindi á þessu máli, Fms. ix. 326; sagði, at þat bar eigi Kristnum mönnum, at særa Guð, x. 22; þá siðu at mér beri vel, Sks. 353 B: used absol., berr vel, illa, it is beseeming, proper, fit, unbeseeming, unfit, improper; athæfi þat er vel beri fyrir konungs augliti, 282; þat þykir ok eigi illa bera, at maðr hafi svart skinn til hosna, i. e. it suits pretty well, 301: in case of a pers. pron. in acc. or dat. being added, the sentence becomes personal in order to avoid doubling the impers. sentence, e. g. e-m berr skylda (not skyldu) til, one is bound by duty; veit ek eigi hver skylda (nom.) yðr (acc.) ber til þess at láta jarl einn ráða, Fms. i. 52: also leaving the dat. out, skylda berr til at vera forsjámaðr með honum, vii. 280; eigi berr hér til úviska mín, it is not that I am not knowing, Nj. 135.

IV. when the reflex. inflexion is added to the verb, the noun loses its impers. character and is turned from acc. into nom., e. g. þar (þat?) mun hugrinn minn mest hafa fyrir borizt, this is what I suspected, fancied, Lv. 34; cp. hugarburðr, fancy, and e-t berr fyrir e-n (above, C. I. 2); hefir þetta (nom.) vel í móti borizt, a happy coincidence, Nj. 104; ef svá harðliga kann til at berask, if the misfortunes do happen, Gþl. 55; barsk sú úhamingja (nom.) til á Íslandi, that mischief happened (no doubt the passage is thus to be emended), Bs. i. 78, but bar þá úhamingju …; þat (nom.) barsk at, happened, Fms. x. 253; fundir várir (nom.) hafa at borizt nokkurum sinnum, vii. 256; þat barsk at á einhverju sumri, Eg. 154; bærist at um síðir at allr þingheimrinn berðist, 765, cp. berast við, berask fyrir above (B. V.): berast, absol., means to be shaken, knocked about; var þess ván, at fylkingar mundu berast í hergöngunni, that they would be brought into some confusion, Fms. v. 74; Hrólfr gékk at ramliga, ok barst Atli (was shaken, gave away) fyrir orku sakir, þar til er hann féll. Fas. iii. 253; barst Jökull allr fyrir orku sakir (of two wrestling), Ísl. ii. 467, Fms. iii. 189: vide B. IV.

D. In mod. usage the strong bera—bar is also used in impersonal phrases, denoting to let a thing be seen, shew, but almost always with a negative preceding, e. g. ekki bar (ber) á því, it could ( can) not be seen; að á engu bæri, láta ekki á bera ( to keep tight), etc. All these phrases are no doubt alterations from the weak verb bera, að, nudare, and never occur in old writers; we have not met with any instance previous to the Reformation; the use is certainly of late date, and affords a rare instance of weak verbs turning into strong; the reverse is more freq. the case.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BERA
6 trabajo

m.

1 work.

una casa tan grande da mucho trabajo a big house like that is a lot of work

hacer un buen trabajo to do a good job

ser un trabajo de chinos (informal figurative) to be a finicky job

trabajo de campo field work

trabajo en o de equipo teamwork

trabajo físico physical effort

trabajo intelectual mental effort

trabajo manual manual labor

trabajos forzados o forzosos hard labor

trabajo de oficina office work

trabajo social social work

trabajo sucio dirty work

trabajo temporal temporary work

2 job (empleo).

buscar/encontrar trabajo to look for/find work o a job

no tener trabajo to be out of work

3 work (place).

en el trabajo at work

ir al trabajo to go to work

4 essay (escrito) (por estudiante).

5 labor (economics & politics).

6 effort (esfuerzo).

costar mucho trabajo to take a lot of effort

tomarse el trabajo de hacer algo to go to o take the trouble of doing something

7 work place, job, workplace.

pres.indicat.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: trabajar.

* * *

trabajo

► nombre masculino

1 (ocupación) work

2 (tarea) task, job

3 (empleo) job, employment

4 (esfuerzo) effort

5 EDUCACIÓN report, paper

► nombre masculino plural trabajos

1 figurado (penalidades) hardships

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

ahorrarse el trabajo to save oneself the trouble

con gran trabajo / con mucho trabajo with great effort

cuesta trabajo... it's hard to...

■ cuesta trabajo aceptarlo it's hard to accept it

estar sin trabajo to be out of work

ir al trabajo to go to work

sin trabajo (fácilmente) easily

tomarse el trabajo de to take the trouble to

puesto de trabajo job

trabajo a destajo piecework

trabajo de chinos familiar very intricate work, time-consuming work

trabajo de equipo teamwork

trabajo de media jornada part-time job

trabajo eventual casual labour (US labor)

trabajo intelectual brainwork

trabajo por turno / trabajo por turnos shiftwork

trabajos forzados / trabajos forzosos hard labour (US labor) sing

trabajos manuales arts and crafts, handicrafts

* * *

noun m.

1) work, job

2) labor

3) effort

* * *

SM

1) (=labor) work

tengo mucho trabajo — I have a lot of work

me queda trabajo para una hora — I have an hour's work left

¡buen trabajo! — good work!

en reconocimiento a su trabajo como actor — in recognition of his work as an actor

tiene una enorme capacidad de trabajo — she's a very willing worker

planchar la ropa es el trabajo que menos me gusta — the ironing is the job I like least

a veces le sale algún que otro trabajillo — he gets odd jobs now and then

• el trabajo de la casa — the housework

• ropa de trabajo — work clothes

• estar sin trabajo — to be unemployed

los que están sin trabajo — the unemployed

quedarse sin trabajo — to find o.s. out of work, lose one's job

- ¡esto es un trabajo de chinos!

trabajo a destajo — piecework

trabajo de campo, trabajo en el terreno — fieldwork

trabajo en equipo — teamwork

trabajo intelectual — brainwork

trabajo manual — manual labour, manual labor (EEUU)

trabajo nocturno — night work

trabajo por turnos — shiftwork

trabajos forzados — hard labour sing, hard labor (EEUU) sing

trabajos manuales — (Escol) handicrafts

trabajo social — social work

trabajo sucio — dirty work

2) (tb: puesto de trabajo) job

le han ofrecido un trabajo en el banco — he's been offered a job at the bank

tengo un trabajo de media jornada — I have a job working half-days

no encuentro trabajo — I can't find work o a job

trabajo eventual — temporary job

trabajo fijo — permanent job

3) (tb: lugar de trabajo) work

vivo cerca de mi trabajo — I live near work o near my workplace

está en el trabajo — she's at work

me puedes llamar al trabajo — you can call me at work

ir al trabajo — to go to work

4) (=esfuerzo)

lo hizo con mucho trabajo — it cost him a lot of effort to do it

han sido muchos años de trabajo para ganar el pleito — it has taken many years' hard work to win the lawsuit

• ahorrarse el trabajo — to save o.s. the trouble

• costar trabajo, le cuesta trabajo hacerlo — he finds it hard to do

me cuesta trabajo decir que no — I find it hard to say no

• dar trabajo, reparar la casa nos ha dado mucho trabajo — it was hard work o a real job repairing the house

los niños pequeños dan mucho trabajo — small children are a lot of work

• tomarse el trabajo de hacer algo — to take the trouble to do sth

- trabajo te doy, trabajo te mando

5) (=obra) (Arte, Literat) work; (Educ) essay; [de investigación] study

uno de los mejores trabajos del arquitecto — one of the architect's greatest works

tengo que entregar dos trabajos mañana — I have to hand in two essays tomorrow

6) (Econ)

a) (=mano de obra) labour, labor (EEUU)

b) (tb: Ministerio de Trabajo) ≈ Department of Employment, ≈ Department of Labor (EEUU)

* * *

masculino

1)

a) ( empleo) job

conseguir trabajo — to get o find work, to get o find a job

buscar trabajo — to look for work o for a job

quedarse sin trabajo — to lose one's job

no tiene trabajo fijo — he doesn't have a steady job

un trabajo de media jornada or (AmL) de medio tiempo or (Esp) a tiempo parcial — a part-time job

trabajo de jornada completa or de or a tiempo completo — full-time work o job

b) ( lugar) work

está en el trabajo — she's at work

ir al trabajo — to go to work

2) (actividad, labor) work

requiere años de trabajo — it takes years of work

trabajo en equipo — teamwork

el trabajo de la casa — housework

este bordado tiene mucho trabajo — a lot of work has gone into this embroidery

los niños dan mucho trabajo — children are hard work

buen trabajo! — well done!

fue premiado por su trabajo en esa película — he was given an award for his performance in that movie

- trabajo a destajo

- trabajo a reglamento

- trabajo de campo

- trabajo de chinos

- trabajo de parto

- trabajo de práctica

- trabajos forzados

- trabajos manuales

- trabajo voluntario

3)

a) ( tarea) job

limpiar el horno es un trabajo que odio — cleaning the oven is a job o chore I hate

b) ( obra escrita) piece of work

hice un trabajo sobre Lorca — I did a paper on Lorca

4) ( esfuerzo)

con mucho trabajo consiguió levantarse — with great effort she managed to get up

me cuesta trabajo creerlo — I find it hard to believe

se tomó/dio el trabajo de venir — she took the trouble to come

5) (Econ) labor*

* * *

masculino

1)

a) ( empleo) job

conseguir trabajo — to get o find work, to get o find a job

buscar trabajo — to look for work o for a job

quedarse sin trabajo — to lose one's job

no tiene trabajo fijo — he doesn't have a steady job

un trabajo de media jornada or (AmL) de medio tiempo or (Esp) a tiempo parcial — a part-time job

trabajo de jornada completa or de or a tiempo completo — full-time work o job

b) ( lugar) work

está en el trabajo — she's at work

ir al trabajo — to go to work

2) (actividad, labor) work

requiere años de trabajo — it takes years of work

trabajo en equipo — teamwork

el trabajo de la casa — housework

este bordado tiene mucho trabajo — a lot of work has gone into this embroidery

los niños dan mucho trabajo — children are hard work

buen trabajo! — well done!

fue premiado por su trabajo en esa película — he was given an award for his performance in that movie

- trabajo a destajo

- trabajo a reglamento

- trabajo de campo

- trabajo de chinos

- trabajo de parto

- trabajo de práctica

- trabajos forzados

- trabajos manuales

- trabajo voluntario

3)

a) ( tarea) job

limpiar el horno es un trabajo que odio — cleaning the oven is a job o chore I hate

b) ( obra escrita) piece of work

hice un trabajo sobre Lorca — I did a paper on Lorca

4) ( esfuerzo)

con mucho trabajo consiguió levantarse — with great effort she managed to get up

me cuesta trabajo creerlo — I find it hard to believe

se tomó/dio el trabajo de venir — she took the trouble to come

5) (Econ) labor*

* * *

trabajo¹

¹ = employment, endeavour [endeavor, -USA], job, labour [labor, -USA], leg work, occupation, task, work, working environment, workload [work load], pursuit, workmanship, footwork, handwork, professional position, working practice, pursuit in life, handiwork, lifework, line of business, toil, industry.

Ex: Under WOMEN -- EMPLOYMENT, for instance, are listed works on the health and safety hazards of employment, the wages of employment, the problems of mothers, married and/or single women and employment, and so on.

Ex: Eventually, it came to be recognized that the Classification Research Group's endeavours might be pertinent to the problem of alphabetical indexing.

Ex: To ease the cataloguer's job and save him the trouble of counting characters, DOBIS/LIBIS uses a special function.

Ex: An editor is a person who prepares for publication an item not his own and whose labour may be limited to the preparation of the item for the manufacturer.

Ex: DOBIS/LIBIS may replace the typewriter, the catalog card, and much leg work, but it cannot replace the decision-making capabilities of the library staff.

Ex: Headings such as SALESMEN AND SALESMANSHIP and FIREMEN, since they are assigned to works covering the activities of both men and women in these occupations, are not specific.

Ex: Further, menu screens will be necessary until the user has specified the task that he wishes executed or the information that he wishes to retrieve sufficiently for execution or retrieval to be effected.

Ex: The Classification Research Group (CRG) has been a major force in the development of classification theory, and has made a major contribution towards work on a new general classification scheme.

Ex: This article examines the various features now available on copiers and comments on the usefulness in a working environment.

Ex: Each of these changes, if we were to deal with them in an adequate manner, create severe workload problems for the cataloging department.

Ex: What is more arguable is whether or not it is a bibliographical pursuit at all since it bears little relationship to the physical nature of the book.

Ex: William R Lethaby, the architect who had Westminster Abbey in his charge for over twenty years, once said 'Art is thoughtful workmanship'.

Ex: If we decide to take on making up a subject file there'd be a lot of footwork even if we use that list as a basis = Si decidimos aceptar crear un fichero ordenado por materias habría mucho trabajo incluso si usamos esta lista como base.

Ex: The newspaper's suppression after the first issue was not, as some historians have declared, the handwork of Massachusetts' Puritan clergy = La supresión del periódico después de su primer número no fue, como algunos historiadores han declarado, por la intervención del clero puritano de Massachussetts.

Ex: In virtually all of her professional positions she has been involved with the handling of documents.

Ex: While many believe that print on paper will never die, new formats are already changing working practice in many spheres.

Ex: People who are blind, regardless of their pursuit in life, will not have access to current information, books, learning, or education opportunities unless all libraries and blindness organizations agree to work together.

Ex: Rather than bringing in butchers to do the handiwork of his dissections, Vesalius himself worked on the human cadavers and said that students of medicine should do the same.

Ex: This is an eloquent, moving testament to the lifework of a major artist of unimpeachable technique and passion.

Ex: The computer people are muscling in on our line of business and we can't stop them.

Ex: Furthermore, the computer can be used, and is already being used, to eliminate drudgery, busywork, and useless toil in library systems.

Ex: In fact, the terms of the contrast are highly ambivalent: order vs. anarchy, liberty vs. despotism, or industry vs. sloth, and also dissimulation vs. honesty.

* acoso en el trabajo = workplace mobbing.

* agenda de trabajo = work agenda.

* agobiado de trabajo = up to + Posesivo + eyeballs in work.

* ahorrar el trabajo de = save + effort in.

* almuerzo de trabajo = work luncheon.

* ámbito de trabajo = field of endeavour.

* amor al trabajo = love of work.

* ansiedad en el trabajo = job anxiety, work anxiety.

* anterior al trabajo = pre-service.

* anuncio de trabajo = help wanted ad, help wanted notice.

* anuncios de trabajo = help-wanted advertising.

* año de trabajo = man year.

* ascender en el trabajo = step up + the career ladder.

* ascenso en el trabajo = job promotion.

* aspirar a un puesto de trabajo = aspire to + position.

* asunto relacionado con el trabajo = work-related issue.

* avanzar en + Posesivo + trabajo = advance + Posesivo + work, advance + Posesivo + work.

* basado en el trabajo en equipo = team-based.

* bibliografía de trabajo = working bibliography.

* biblioteconomía especializada en el trabajo de referencia = reference librarianship.

* bolsa de trabajo = labour exchange, job opportunities, employment bureau, employment centre, employment opportunity, job centre, job pool.

* borrador de trabajo = working paper.

* buscador de trabajo = job applicant, job seeker.

* buscar trabajo = seek + employment.

* buscar trabajo en la calle = work + the streets.

* campo de trabajo = field of endeavour.

* campo de trabajos forzados = labour camp, forced labour camp.

* cantidad de trabajo = workload [work load].

* carga de trabajo = workload [work load].

* centro de trabajo = workplace.

* cobrar en un trabajo = job + pay.

* comenzar el turno de trabajo = go on + duty.

* comida de trabajo = business meal, professional meal.

* compañero de trabajo = co-worker [coworker], male colleague, work colleague, fellow worker.

* complementos del trabajo = fringe benefits, fringes.

* conciliación del trabajo y la familia = reconciliation of work and family.

* con demasiado trabajo = overworked.

* condiciones del contrato de trabajo = terms of employment.

* condiciones de trabajo = working conditions.

* con mucho trabajo = painfully.

* conseguir un puesto de trabajo = obtain + position.

* conseguir un trabajo = enter + job, land + job.

* con trabajo = in post.

* contratar al primero que solicita el trabajo = hire on a first-come, first-take basis.

* contrato de trabajo = contract position.

* conversación de trabajo = shop talk.

* costar mucho trabajo = have + a tough time, have + a hard time.

* costar trabajo = have + Posesivo + work cut out for + Pronombre, have + Posesivo + job cut out for + Pronombre.

* cualquier trabajo temporal = casual job.

* cubrir un puesto de trabajo = fill + position.

* cuestión relacionada con el trabajo = work-related issue.

* dar permiso en el trabajo = give + time off work.

* dar trabajo = present + burden.

* dedicar trabajo = expend + effort.

* definición de trabajo = working definition.

* dejar a Alguien sin trabajo = put + Nombre + out of work.

* dejar el puesto de trabajo = resign from + Posesivo + post.

* dejar el trabajo = resign from + Posesivo + post, quit + Posesivo + job, jump + ship.

* dejar sin trabajo = put + Nombre + out of work.

* dejar un puesto de trabajo = resign from + Posesivo + position.

* dejar un trabajo = quit, resign + Posesivo + post.

* denominación del puesto de trabajo = job title, occupational title.

* dentro del mismo trabajo = intraoccupational.

* derecho del trabajo = employment law.

* desarrollar + Posesivo + trabajo = advance + Posesivo + work.

* desarrollar un plan de trabajo = develop + agenda.

* descripción del puesto de trabajo = job description, position description, job profile.

* desempeñar un trabajo = exercise + work.

* despedir del trabajo = make + redundant.

* después del horario de trabajo = after hours [after-hours].

* de trabajo = working.

* día del trabajo = Labour Day.

* día de trabajo = working day.

* día internacional del trabajo = Labour Day.

* diario automático de trabajo = time log.

* dignidad del trabajo = dignity of work.

* dinámica de trabajo = workflow [work flow].

* distribución del trabajo = workflow [work flow].

* distribuir el trabajo = spread + the load.

* división del trabajo = division of labour.

* documento de trabajo = working document, working draft.

* eficacia en el trabajo = quality of service.

* elaborar un plan de trabajo = develop + agenda.

* eliminar puestos de trabajo = shed + jobs, axe + jobs, cut + jobs.

* empresa de trabajo = industrial affiliation.

* encomendar un trabajo a Alguien = assign + job.

* encontrar trabajo = find + a job.

* encontrar trabajo en una biblioteca = join + library.

* en el horario de trabajo = on company time.

* en el trabajo = on-the-job, at work.

* enseñanza antes de empezar el trabajo = pre-service education.

* enseñanza en el trabajo = in-service education.

* entorno de trabajo = working environment, work environment.

* entrevista de trabajo = job interview.

* equipo de trabajo = study team, project team, work team.

* esclavo del trabajo = workaholic.

* escribir un trabajo = write + essay.

* espacio de trabajo = workspace.

* específico de un trabajo concreto = job-specific.

* estación de trabajo = workstation [work station], desktop workstation.

* estación de trabajo remota = outstation.

* estadía de trabajo = work visit.

* estar mareado de tanto trabajo = be reeling.

* estar relacionado con el trabajo = be work related.

* estar saturado de trabajo = work to + capacity.

* estar sin trabajo = stay out of + work.

* estrategia que ahorra trabajo = labour saver.

* estrés en el trabajo = job stress.

* evaluar el rendimiento en el trabajo = evaluate + work performance.

* excedencia en el trabajo = leave of absence.

* ficha de trabajo = worksheet, project worksheet.

* formación continua en el trabajo = workplace training, workplace learning.

* formación en el trabajo = in-service training, in-service education, in-service, on-the-job training, in-service support.

* funciones del puesto de trabajo = position + entail + duty.

* grupo de trabajo = study group, study team, task force, working party, task group, research group, working group, project team.

* grupo de trabajo por tema de interés = breakout group.

* guía de trabajo = working guide.

* hábito de trabajo = work habit, working habit.

* hablar del trabajo = talk + shop.

* hacer + Posesivo + trabajo = get on with + Posesivo + work.

* hacer (todo) el trabajo pesado = do (all) + the donkey work.

* hacer un buen trabajo = do + a good job.

* hacer un trabajo = do + work, do + job.

* hacer un trabajo sobre = do + a project about.

* hasta aquí de trabajo = up to + Posesivo + eyeballs in work.

* hasta el cuello de trabajo = up to + Posesivo + eyeballs in work.

* herramienta de trabajo = tool, tool.

* hora de trabajo = man-hour.

* horario de trabajo = hours of operation, working hours, work hours.

* horario intenso de trabajo = long hours, the.

* horarios de trabajo demasiado cargados = over-long hours.

* igualdad de oportunidad en el trabajo = equal employment opportunity.

* igualdad de retribución por un trabajo de valor comparable = equal pay for comparable work.

* igualdad de retribución por un trabajo de igual valor = equal pay for equal work.

* incentivo en el trabajo = work incentive, labour incentive.

* indicador del trabajo realizado = workload indicator.

* intercambio de puestos de trabajo = job exchange.

* jornada de trabajo = workshop.

* liberar del exceso de trabajo = relieve + overload.

* liberar de trabajo = relieve + pressure.

* línea de trabajo = line of work.

* llamar al trabajo para excusarse por enfermedad = call in + sick.

* llegar tarde al trabajo = be late for work.

* lugar de trabajo = affiliation, institutional affiliation, working environment, workplace, place of work, worksite [work site], home institution.

* lugar de trabajo del autor = author affiliation.

* magistratura del trabajo = industrial tribunal.

* marco de trabajo = framework.

* medida de seguridad e higiene en el trabajo = health and safety standard.

* memoria de trabajo = working memory.

* mercado de trabajo = labour market, job market.

* mercado de trabajo, el = employment market, the.

* mesa de trabajo = desk, study table.

* método de trabajo = working method.

* Ministerio de Trabajo = Department of Labor.

* modelo de trabajo = working model, business model.

* mucho trabajo = hard graft.

* negligente en el trabajo = malpractitioner.

* neurosis producida por el trabajo = occupational neurosis.

* NISTF (Grupo de Trabajo sobre los Sistemas Nacionales de Información de la A = NISTF (Society of American Archivists National Information Systems Task Force).

* no perder el trabajo = stay in + work.

* norma de trabajo = working rule.

* no tener trabajo = be unemployed.

* obtener un puesto de trabajo = obtain + position.

* ocupar un puesto de trabajo = assume + position, take up + post, hold + post.

* oferta de trabajo = job advertisement, job offer, help wanted ad, help wanted notice.

* ofertas de trabajo = help-wanted advertising.

* oportunidad de trabajo = career opportunity.

* organización del trabajo = workflow [work flow], working arrangement.

* paquete de trabajo = workpackage.

* para trabajos pesados = heavy-duty.

* pérdida de puestos de trabajo = squeeze on jobs.

* permiso de trabajo = work permit.

* permuta de trabajo = job exchange.

* persona encargada de hacer los trabajos sucios = hatchetman.

* persona obsesiva con el trabajo = workoholic [workholic], workaholic.

* persona que asigna el trabajo = assigner.

* persona que deja un trabajo = leaver.

* persona que reparte el trabajo = assigner.

* personas sin trabajo remunerado, los = unwaged, the.

* plan de trabajo = research agenda, work plan, working plan, work schedule.

* política de trabajo = policy.

* postura exigida por el trabajo = work posture.

* proceso de trabajo = work process.

* programa de formación en el trabajo = in-service training program(me).

* programa de trabajo = work schedule.

* programa de trabajo como interno residente = residency.

* promoción en el trabajo = job promotion.

* propuesta de trabajo = project proposal.

* proyecto de trabajo = work project.

* puente de trabajo = catwalk.

* puesto de trabajo = appointment, position, post, opening, career path, professional position, position held.

* puesto de trabajo de libre designación = line position.

* puesto de trabajo ocupado = position held.

* puestos de trabajo ocupados = positions held.

* quitar puestos de trabajo = shed + jobs, axe + jobs, cut + jobs.

* realizar el trabajo = get + Posesivo + work done.

* realizar + Posesivo + trabajo = advance + Posesivo + work.

* realizar un trabajo = perform + work, undertake + work.

* realizar un trabajo monótono = have + Posesivo + nose to the grindstone.

* red de trabajo = peer-to-peer network.

* relacionado con el trabajo = job-related, work-related.

* relación de trabajo = working relation, working relationship, work relationship, work relation.

* relativo al trabajo = occupational.

* rendimiento en el trabajo = work performance.

* reunión de trabajo = business meeting, business session.

* ropa de trabajo = work clothes.

* rutina de trabajo = work process.

* sala de trabajo = workroom.

* salir del trabajo = clock off + work.

* salud en el trabajo = occupational health.

* satisfacción en el trabajo = job satisfaction, work satisfaction.

* segregación en el trabajo = job segregation, employment segregation.

* seguridad en el trabajo = safety at work, occupational safety.

* sesión de trabajo = work session, working session.

* sicología del trabajo = occupational psychology.

* sin trabajo = jobless.

* sobrecargado de trabajo = overworked.

* sociología del trabajo = sociology of work.

* soliciante de trabajo = job applicant.

* solicitud de trabajo = job application.

* superficie de trabajo = working surface, work surface.

* taller de trabajo = workshop, study school.

* taller de trabajo esclavo = sweatshop.

* taller de trabajo sobre composición = writing workshop.

* tener trabajo para rato = have + Posesivo + work cut out for + Pronombre, have + Posesivo + job cut out for + Pronombre.

* tener un segundo trabajo = moonlight, work + a second job.

* tener un trabajo = hold down + job.

* tener un trabajo remunerado = be gainfully employed.

* tener un trabajo retribuido = be gainfully employed.

* tensión en el trabajo = job stress.

* tensión producida por el trabajo = occupational stress.

* terminar turno de trabajo = come off + duty.

* toda una vida de trabajo = a lifetime of work.

* tomarse excedencia en el trabajo = take + leave from + employment.

* tomarse + Expresión Temporal + de permiso en el trabajo = take + Expresión Temporal + off, have + Expresión Temporal + off work.

* tomarse unos días de permiso en el trabajo = take + time off work.

* tomarse unos días de permiso en el trabajo = take + time off, take + time out.

* trabajo académico = academic work.

* trabajo a destajo = piecework.

* trabajo a distancia = telecommuting, teleworking, telework.

* trabajo administrativo de apoyo = clerical work.

* trabajo a medias = job share.

* trabajo artesanal = craftsmanship.

* trabajo a tiempo parcial = part-time work, part-time employment, part-time job.

* trabajo atípico = atypical work.

* trabajo autónomo = self-employment.

* trabajo bibliográfico = bibliographic work.

* trabajo bibliotecario = library work.

* trabajo burocrático = paper-keeping.

* trabajo científico = scientific work, scholarly work.

* trabajo compartido = job sharing.

* trabajo complicado = major exercise.

* trabajo con documentación automatizada = computer-based information work.

* trabajo conjunto = interworking.

* trabajo con ordenador = computer work.

* trabajo cotidiano = daily work.

* trabajo creativo = creative work.

* trabajo de alfabetización = literacy work.

* trabajo de apoyo = escort work.

* trabajo de calidad = best practices, lessons learned [lessons learnt].

* trabajo de campo = fieldwork [field work].

* trabajo de catalogación = cataloguing work.

* trabajo de chinos = fiddly [fiddlier -comp., fiddliest -sup.].

* trabajo de clase = term paper, coursework [course work], term project, homework.

* trabajo de detective = sleuthing.

* trabajo de escolta = escort work.

* trabajo de impresión = bookwork.

* trabajo de impresión de material efímero = ephemeral jobbing.

* trabajo de información y de las bibliotecas = library and information work.

* trabajo de investigación = investigative work, research paper, research work.

* trabajo de la casa = housework.

* trabajo de menores = child labour.

* trabajo de poca monta = odd-job.

* trabajo de préstamo de servicios = service job.

* trabajo de referencia = reference work.

* trabajo desinteresado = labour of love.

* trabajo detectivesco = sleuthing.

* trabajo de toda una vida = life's work, lifework.

* trabajo diario = day's work, daily work.

* trabajo doméstico = domestic duty, domestic work, domestic task.

* trabajo duro = hard labour, thirsty work, hard work.

* trabajo duro, mucho trabajo = hard graft.

* trabajo editorial = editorship.

* trabajo en archivística = archives work.

* trabajo en colaboración = interworking.

* trabajo en común = interworking.

* trabajo en curso = work in progress.

* trabajo en equipo = teamwork, collaborative teamwork, team management.

* trabajo en red = networking.

* trabajo en sucio = rough work.

* trabajo entre manos, el = work at hand, the.

* trabajo eventual = jobbing.

* trabajo físico = physical work.

* trabajo improductivo = busywork.

* trabajo individual = independent study, self-study.

* trabajo infantil = child labour, child work.

* trabajo ininterrumpido = continuous work.

* trabajo manual = craft, craft activity, handiwork, manual labour.

* trabajo monótono = drudge work, drudgery.

* trabajo + no faltar = have + Posesivo + work cut out for + Pronombre, have + Posesivo + job cut out for + Pronombre.

* trabajo no remunerado = unpaid work, unremunerated work.

* trabajo pesado = grind, grinding, donkey work.

* trabajo por cuenta propia = self-employment.

* trabajo por libre = freelance [free-lance].

* trabajo por + Posesivo + cuenta = freelance [free-lance].

* trabajo por turnos = shift work.

* trabajo práctico = fieldwork [field work], practical work.

* trabajo preliminar = groundwork, legwork, spadework [spade work].

* trabajo previo = groundwork, spadework [spade work].

* trabajo remunerado = work-for-hire, paid work, paid labour.

* trabajo rutinario = chore, routine work, mundane task.

* trabajos = life's work.

* trabajos de impresión de material efímero = jobbing work.

* trabajos de rescate = rescue work.

* trabajos forzados = forced labour, hard labour.

* trabajo social = social work.

* trabajo sucio = dirty work.

* trabajo sumergido = informal work.

* trabajo temporal = temporary job, casual job.

* trabajo urgente = hurried work, rush job.

* trabajo y esfuerzo = toil and trouble.

* turno de trabajo de atención al usuario = desk duty.

* un trabajo bien hecho = a job well done.

* uso compartido de mesas de trabajo = hot desking.

* útil de trabajo = tool.

* vida en el trabajo = job life.

* visita de trabajo = field trip.

trabajo²

² = assignment, student paper, work, project work, term project.

Nota: Trabajo escrito que debe realizar el estudiante a lo largo de un curso.

Ex: The problems and assignments presented are real problems and assignments, and the people involved are real people, all suitably disguised to protect their identity.

Ex: 5 data collection instruments were used: printouts of data base searches executed by students; a questionnaire; bibliographies from student papers; serial holdings of the university library; and interviews with instructors.

Ex: An authority entry is an entry for which the initial element is the uniform heading for a person, corporate body, or work, as established by the cataloguing agency responsible.

Ex: For instance, if children are doing a project work on dogs, they will hunt out anything and everything that so much as mentions them and the bits thus mined are assiduously transcribed into project folders.

Ex: In 1994, 21 students on an introductory course on communication processes completed analyses of 14 different electronic lists or newsgroups as their term projects.

* impresor de pequeños trabajos = jobbing house, jobbing office, jobbing printer.

* mesa de trabajo = writing desk, work desk.

* preparar un trabajo de clase = research + paper.

* trabajo de clase = essay assignment, class assignment, course assignment, student assignment, written assignment.

* trabajo de lectura obligatoria = a must-read.

* trabajo de restauración = restoration work.

* trabajo editado = published work.

* trabajo escolar = school work [schoolwork].

* trabajo impreso = printed work.

* trabajo publicado = published work.

* trabajos de clase = classroom asignment.

* un trabajo cuqlquiera = casual job.

* * *

trabajo

masculine

A

1

(empleo): conseguir trabajo to get o find work

consiguió un trabajo muy bien pagado he got himself a very well-paid job

hay dos trabajos interesantes en el periódico de hoy there are two interesting vacancies o jobs in today's paper

se fue a la capital a buscar trabajo he went to the capital to look for work o for a job

la pérdida de 200 puestos de trabajo the loss of 200 jobs

se quedó sin trabajo she lost her job, she was made redundant, she was let go ( AmE)

no tiene trabajo fijo he doesn't have a steady job

un trabajo de media jornada a part-time job

buscaba trabajo de jornada completa or a tiempo completo or de tiempo completo I was looking for full-time work o for a full-time job

2 (lugar) work

está en el trabajo she's at work

ir al trabajo to go to work

llámame al trabajo give me a call at work

la estación queda cerca de mi trabajo the station's close to where I work

Compuesto:

trabajo compartido

work-sharing

B (actividad, labor) work

trabajo intelectual intellectual work o brainwork

su capacidad de trabajo es enorme he has an enormous capacity for work

la máquina hace el trabajo de cinco personas the machine does the work of five people

requiere años de trabajo it takes years of work

todo nuestro trabajo ha sido en vano all our work has been in vain

el trabajo en equipo teamwork

el trabajo de la casa housework

es un trabajo especializado/de precisión it's specialized/precision work

me tocó a mí hacer todo el trabajo I ended up doing all the work, I got stuck o ( BrE) landed with all the work ( colloq)

hoy no puedo, tengo mucho trabajo I can't today, I have o I've got a lot of work to do

tengo mucho trabajo acumulado I have a huge backlog of work to do

este bordado tiene mucho trabajo a lot of work has gone into this embroidery

¡buen trabajo! te felicito nice work! well done

fue premiado por su trabajo en esa película he was given an award for his performance in that movie

hacer un trabajo de zapa to work o scheme behind the scenes

le he estado haciendo un trabajo de trabajo y ya lo tengo en el bote I've been quietly working on him o softening him up and now I've got him right where I want him

Compuestos:

● trabajo a destajo

piece work

● trabajo agrícola

agricultural work

● trabajo a reglamento

(CS) work to rule

● trabajo de campo

fieldwork

● trabajo de chinos

fiddly o laborious job

● trabajo de parto

labor*

● trabajo de práctica

work experience

● trabajo en cadena

assembly-line work

● trabajos forzados

mpl hard labor*

● trabajos manuales

mpl handicrafts (pl)

● trabajo social

social work

● trabajo voluntario

voluntary o ( AmE) volunteer work

C

1 (tarea, obra) job

es un trabajo que no lo puede hacer cualquiera it's not a job that just anyone can do

limpiar el horno es un trabajo que odio cleaning the oven is a job o chore I hate

la satisfacción de un trabajo bien hecho the satisfaction of a job well done

me cobró un dineral por un par de trabajos he charged me a fortune for doing a couple of little jobs o tasks

2 (obra escrita) piece of work

un trabajo bien documentado a well-documented piece of work

estoy haciendo un trabajo sobre Lorca I'm doing a paper/an essay on Lorca

D

(esfuerzo): con mucho trabajo consiguió levantarse with great effort she managed to get up

nos dio mucho trabajo pintarlo painting it was hard work o took a lot of work

los niños dan mucho trabajo children are hard work o a lot of work

me cuesta trabajo creerlo I find it hard to believe

nos costó trabajo convencerla de que viniera we had a hard time persuading her to come

se tomó/dio el trabajo de venir a buscarme she took the trouble to come and pick me up

puedes ahorrarte el trabajo de ir hasta allá you can save yourself the trouble o bother of going all the way over there

E ( Econ) labor*

el capital y el trabajo capital and labor

F ( Fís) work

* * *

Del verbo trabajar: ( conjugate trabajar)

trabajo es:

1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

trabajó es:

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

Multiple Entries:
trabajar
trabajo
trabajar ( conjugate trabajar) verbo intransitivo
1 ( en general) to work;
◊ trabajo por cuenta propia to be self-employed;

trabajo jornada completa or a tiempo completo to work full-time;
trabajo media jornada to work part-time;
trabajo mucho to work hard;
¿en qué trabajas? what do you do (for a living)?;
estoy trabajando en una novela I'm working on a novel;
trabajo DE or COMO algo to work as sth
2 ( actuar) to act, perform;
◊ ¿quién trabaja en la película who's in the movie?

verbo transitivo
1
a) ‹campo/tierra/madera› to work

b) ‹ masa› ( con las manos) to knead, work

2 (perfeccionar, pulir) to work on
trabajo sustantivo masculino
1
a) ( empleo) job;

◊ buscar trabajo to look for work o for a job;

quedarse sin trabajo to lose one's job;
un trabajo fijo a steady job;
un trabajo de media jornada a part-time job;
un trabajo de jornada completa or a tiempo completo a full-time job
b) ( lugar) work;

◊ está en el trabajo she's at work;

ir al trabajo to go to work
2 (actividad, labor) work;
◊ trabajo en equipo teamwork;

el trabajo de la casa housework;
los niños dan mucho trabajo children are hard work;
¡buen trabajo! well done!;
trabajo de campo fieldwork;
trabajos forzados hard labor^{( conjugate labor)};
trabajos manuales handicrafts (pl);
trabajo voluntario voluntary o (AmE) volunteer work
3
a) ( tarea) job;

◊ limpiar el horno es un trabajo que odio cleaning the oven is a job I hate

b) ( obra escrita) piece of work;

(en universidad, escuela) essay
4 ( esfuerzo):
◊ con mucho trabajo consiguió levantarse with great effort she managed to get up;

me cuesta trabajo creerlo I find it hard to believe
trabajar
I verbo intransitivo
1 to work: trabaja de secretaria, she works as a secretary
trabaja en los astilleros, she works in the shipyard
trabaja bien, he's a good worker
2 Cine (actuar) to act: en esta película trabaja mi actriz favorita, my favourite actress is in this movie
II verbo transitivo
1 (pulir, ejercitar, estudiar) to work on: tienes que trabajar más el estilo, you have to work on your style
2 (la madera) to work
(un metal) to work
(la tierra) to work, till
(cuero) to emboss
2 (comerciar) to trade, sell: nosotros no trabajamos ese artículo, we don't stock that item
trabajo sustantivo masculino
1 work: hoy tengo poco trabajo, I have little work today
2 (empleo) job: no tiene trabajo, he is unemployed
3 (esfuerzo) work, effort: nos costó mucho trabajo hacerlo, it was hard to do it
4 Educ (sobre un tema) paper
(de manualidades) craft work
5 (tarea) task
un trabajo de chinos, a laborious job
' trabajo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abarcar
- abundancia
- actual
- adicta
- adicto
- afanosa
- afanoso
- agencia
- agobiada
- agobiado
- agobiante
- antigüedad
- ascender
- asquerosidad
- aterrizar
- balde
- bestialidad
- bicoca
- bolsa
- bordar
- buscar
- cadena
- calendario
- calle
- cambiar
- campo
- capear
- cara
- cargada
- cargado
- caterva
- chapucera
- chapucero
- chapuza
- chollo
- colocarse
- como
- condición
- condicionamiento
- construcción
- cuanta
- cuanto
- cubierta
- cubierto
- dar
- dejar
- desbandada
- descansada
- descansado
- descargar
English:
abandon
- acclaim
- actual
- allocation
- ambivalent
- anxiety
- apathetic
- application
- apply
- apply for
- apprentice
- arm-twisting
- artwork
- assignment
- at
- attack
- backlog
- backup
- barrel
- be-all and end-all
- begrudge
- better
- blouse
- blue
- board
- bog down
- boiler suit
- book
- botch
- bother
- bread-and-butter
- bulk
- burn out
- bury
- busywork
- by
- capacity
- careless
- carry over
- casual
- catch up
- chapter
- choose
- chuck in
- clerical
- collaboration
- colleague
- comedown
- commute
- commuter

* * *

trabajo nm

1. [tarea, actividad, práctica] work;

tengo mucho trabajo que hacer I've got a lot of work to do;

una casa tan grande da mucho trabajo a big house like that is a lot of work;

uno de los últimos trabajos de Diego Rivera one of Diego Rivera's last works;

recibió un Óscar por su trabajo en “Cabaret” she received an Oscar for (her performance in) “Cabaret”;

¡buen trabajo! good work!;

hacer un buen trabajo to do a good job;

Comp

ser un trabajo de chinos [minucioso] to be a fiddly o finicky job;
[pesado] to be hard work
Comp
trabajo de campo fieldwork;
trabajo de o en equipo teamwork;

trabajo físico physical work, manual labour;

trabajos forzados o forzosos hard labour;

trabajo intelectual intellectual work;

trabajo de investigación research work;

trabajo manual manual labour;

trabajos manuales [en el colegio] arts and crafts;

trabajo de oficina office job;

trabajo remunerado paid work;

trabajo social social work;

trabajo sucio dirty work;

trabajo temporal temporary work;

trabajo por turnos shiftwork;

trabajo voluntario voluntary work

2. [empleo] job;

buscar/encontrar trabajo to look for/find work o a job;

no tener trabajo, estar sin trabajo to be out of work;

me he quedado sin trabajo I've been left without a job, I'm out of work;

tener un trabajo fijo to have a permanent job

3. [lugar] work;

en el trabajo at work;

ir al trabajo to go to work;

¿quieres que pase a recogerte al trabajo? do you want me to pick you up from work?

4. [escrito] [por estudiante] essay, paper;

hacer un trabajo sobre algo/alguien to write an essay on sth/sb

5. [esfuerzo] effort;

lograron sacar el armario con mucho trabajo they managed to remove the wardrobe, but not without a lot of effort o but it was no easy task;

costar mucho trabajo (a alguien) to take (sb) a lot of effort;

me cuesta mucho trabajo levantarme por las mañanas I find it a real struggle getting up in the morning;

cuesta trabajo admitir que uno se ha equivocado it's not easy to admit that you're wrong;

tomarse el trabajo de hacer algo to go to o take the trouble of doing sth

6. Econ & Pol labour

7. Fís work

8. Literario
trabajos [apuros] hardships;

pasar trabajos to suffer hardships

* * *

trabajo

m work; ( tarea, puesto) job;

buscar trabajo be looking for work, be looking for a job;

tengo un buen trabajo I have a good job;

costar trabajo be hard o difficult;

tomarse el trabajo de take the trouble to

* * *

trabajo nm

1) : work, job

2) labor: labor, work

tengo mucho trabajo: I have a lot of work to do

3) tarea: task

4) esfuerza: effort

5)

costar trabajo : to be difficult

6)

tomarse el trabajo : to take the trouble

7)

trabajo en equipo : teamwork

8) trabajos nmpl

: hardships, difficulties

* * *

trabajo n

1. (actividad, esfuerzo) work

me gusta el trabajo de oficina I like office work

me costó mucho trabajo repararlo it was hard work mending it

2. (empleo, tarea) job

encontró un trabajo de secretaria she found a job as a secretary

3. (lugar) work

va al trabajo en coche he goes to work by car

en el trabajo at work

4. (redacción) essay / project

trabajos forzados hard labour

trabajos manuales crafts

Spanish-English dictionary > trabajo
7 personalization

E-com

the process by which a Web site presents customers with selected information on their specific needs. To do this, personal information is collected on the individual user, and employed to customize the Web site for that person. Used properly, personalization is a powerful tool that allows customers to access the right content more quickly, thus saving them valuable time. Personalization is particularly useful if a Web site contains a very large quantity of material, meaning that a visitor is slow in finding the information they seek. It also requires a large number of visitors to the Web site, because personalization systems are complex and expensive to install.

Information on the customer is usually collected in one of two ways. Either the individual is asked to fill out a personal profile, perhaps informing the organization of the type of product and service he or she is interested in, or the organization uses software that tracks the way a customer uses the Web site. For example, a customer interested in Product X last week, might receive details of an update for Product X upon their next visit to the Web site. A popular method by which such tracking is carried out is the use of cookies, which reside on an individual’s browser and collect information on that person’s Web behavior. Because it requires the collection of personal information, personalization raises key privacy policy issues.

The ultimate business dictionary > personalization
8 intendo

in-tendo, di, tum and sum, 3, v. a. ( part. intenditus, Fronto, Fer. Als. 3, 11 Mai.), to stretch out or forth, extend.
I.
Lit.
A.
In hunc intende digitum, hic lenost, point in scorn, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 45:
dextram ad statuam,
Cic. Att. 16, 15:
alicui manus,
Sen. Clem. 1, 25:
bracchia,
Ov. M. 10, 58:
manus,
id. ib. 8, 107:
jubet intendi bracchia velis,
Verg. A. 5, 829:
intenta bracchia remis, id. ib, 5, 136: ventis vela,
id. ib. 3, 683:
nervos aut remittere,
Plin. 26, 10, 62, § 96:
cutem,
id. 8, 35, 53, § 125:
jamque manus Colchis crinemque intenderat astris,
Val. Fl. 8, 68.—
B.
To bend a bow, etc.:
ballistam in aliquem,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 58:
arcum,
Verg. A. 8, 704:
intentus est arcus in me unum,
Cic. Sest. 7, 15.—
C.
To aim or direct at a thing:
tela in patriam,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 9:
tela intenta jugulis civitatis,
id. Pis. 2:
sagittam,
Verg. A. 9, 590:
telum in jugulum,
Plin. Ep. 3, 9.—
D.
To stretch or spread out; to stretch, lay or put upon a thing:
tabernacula carbaseis intenta velis,
pitched, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 30; 2, 5, 31, § 80:
sella intenta loris,
Quint. 6, 3, 25:
stuppea vincula collo Intendunt,
Verg. A. 2, 237:
duro intendere bracchia tergo,
i. e. to bind with the cestus, id. ib. 5, 403:
locum sertis,
encircled, surrounded, id. ib. 4, 506:
vela secundi Intendunt Zephyri,
swell, fill, id. ib. 5, 33:
intendentibus tenebris,
spreading, Liv. 1, 57, 8.—
II.
Trop.
A.
To strain or stretch towards, to extend:
aciem acrem in omnes partes intendit,
turns keen looks on every side, Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 38:
aciem longius,
id. Ac. 2, 25, 80:
quo intendisset oculos,
whithersoever he turns his eyes, Tac. A. 4, 70:
aures ad verba,
Ov. P. 4, 4, 36: cum putaret licere senatui, et mitigare leges et intendere, to stretch, i. e. increase the rigor of, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 17:
numeros intendere nervis,
Verg. A. 9, 776 (per nervos intentos, Forbig.); cf.:
strepitum fidis intendisse Latinae,
Pers. 6, 4.—
B.
Esp.
1.
To direct towards any thing, to turn or bend in any direction:
digna est res ubi tu nervos intendas tuos,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20:
intendenda in senem est fallacia,
id. Heaut. 3, 2, 2:
ut eo quo intendit, cum exercitu mature perveniat,
Cic. Mur. 9: iter, to direct one ' s course:
ad explorandum quonam hostes iter intendissent,
Liv. 31, 33, 6:
a porta ad praetorem iter intendit,
id. 36, 21:
coeptum iter in Italiam,
id. 21, 29, 6; 27, 46, 9.— Absol.:
quo nunc primum intendam,
whither shall I turn? Ter. And. 2, 2, 6.—
2.
Intendere animum, to direct one ' s thoughts or attention to any thing: quaero enim non quibus intendam rebus animum, sed, etc., Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 329, 6:
parum defigunt animos et intendunt in ea, quae, etc.,
id. Ac. 2, 15, 46:
quo animum intendat, facile perspicio,
id. Verr. 1, 3;
Liv. praef. 9: intentus animus tuus est ad fortissimum virum liberandum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 9:
oculi mentesque ad pugnam intentae,
Caes. B. G. 3, 26:
in ea re omnium nostrorum intentis animis,
id. ib. 3, 22:
intendere animum in regnum Adherbalis,
Sall. J. 20, 1:
ad bellum animum intendit,
id. ib. 43, 2:
animum studiis et rebus honestis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 36:
considerationem in aliquam rem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 33:
omnes cogitationes ad aliquid,
Liv. 40, 5:
omnium eo curae sunt intentae,
Liv. 9, 31; id. 25, 9:
ad scribendum animum, oculos, manum,
Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 7: ubi ingenium intenderis, valet, Sall. J. 51, 3:
eruditionem tuam,
Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 14. —
3.
Hence, intendere alone, to urge on, incite:
intenderant eum ad cavendi omnia curam tot auditae proditiones,
Liv. 24, 37:
aliquem ad custodiae curam,
id. 21, 49:
vis omnis intendenda rebus,
Quint. 10, 7, 21.—
4.
To enlarge, spread, extend, magnify:
intendetur socordia, si nullus ex se metus aut spes,
Tac. A. 2, 38:
amici accendendis offensionibus callidi, intendere vera. adgerere falsa,
exaggerated, id. ib. 2, 57;
4, 11: gloriam,
id. ib. 4, 26;
12, 35: tormentum,
Cels. 4, 15 init. —
C.
Absol., to turn one ' s attention to, exert one ' s self for, to purpose, endeavor, intend:
pergin, sceleste, intendere hanc arguere?
Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 27 Brix:
quod est tibi ante explicandum, quam illuc proficiscare, quo te dicis intendere,
Cic. de Or. 2, 42:
quod ubi secus procedit, neque quod intenderat, efficere potest,
Sall. J. 25, 10:
quocumque intenderat,
id. ib. 74, 2; cf. id. ib. 64, 1;
102, 1: genera lectionum, quae praecipue convenire intendentibus, ut oratores fiant,
Quint. 10, 1, 45:
ad nuptias,
Just. 13, 6.—
(β).
With inf.:
quo ire intenderant,
Sall. J. 107, 7:
altum petere intendit,
Liv. 36, 44.—
D.
Intendere se, to exert one ' s self, prepare for any thing:
se ad firmitatem,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 23:
se in rem,
Quint. 4, 1, 39: qui se intenderunt adversarios in ejus tribunatum, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 2.—
E.
Intendere animo, to purpose in one ' s mind, to intend:
si C. Antonius, quod animo intenderat, perficere potuisset,
Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 9.—
F.
To maintain, assert:
eam sese intendit esse,
Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 19.—Esp., as leg. t. t., to aver, maintain, assert as a plaintiff in court:
quo modo nunc intendit,
Cic. Quint. 29, 88: si quod intendit adversarius tuus, probationibus implere non possit, Vet. cujusd. Jurec. Consult. 6, 16 Huschke; Dig. 10, 4, 9, § 6. —
G.
To threaten with any thing, to seek to bring upon, to afflict with:
alicui actionem perduellionis,
Cic. Mil. 14:
alicui litem,
id. de Or. 1, 10:
periculum in omnes,
id. Rosc. Am. 3:
crimen in aliquem,
Liv. 9, 26:
injuriarum formulam,
Suet. Vit. 7:
probra et minas alicui,
Tac. A. 3, 36:
metum intendere,
id. ib. 1, 28.—
H.
Intendere in se, to contemplate one ' s self: quid sit Deus: totus in se intendat, an ad nos aliquando respiciat, Sen. Q. N. praef. 1.—
I.
Intendere alicui, to be intended for a person, Stat. S. 3 praef.—
K.
In rhet., to premise, to state as the proposition of a syllogism, Quint. 5, 14, 10.—
L.
In gram., to make long, to use (a syllable) as long:
primam syllabam intendit, tertiam corripuit,
Gell. 13, 22. 18. — Hence, P. a. in two forms.
1.
inten-tus, a, um.
A.
On the stretch, strained, bent:
arcus,
Cic. Sen. 10, 37; Plin. 8, 8, 8, § 26.—
B.
Attentive to, intent upon, waiting for something.
(α).
With dat.:
quem pueri intenti ludo exercent,
Verg. A. 7, 380:
intentus recipiendo exercitui esse,
Liv. 10, 42, 1.—
(β).
With abl.:
aliquo negotio intentus,
Sall. C. 2; id. ib. 4; 54.—
C.
Absol., eager, intent:
at Romani domi militiaeque intenti festinare,
Sall. C. 6, 5:
senatus nihil sane intentus,
id. ib. 16, 5:
intenti exspectant signum,
Verg. A. 5, 137:
intenti ora tenebant,
id. ib. 2, 1:
totam causam quam maxime intentis, quod aiunt, oculis contemplari,
Cic. Fl. 11:
intentaque tuis precibus se praebuit aure,
Tib. 4, 1, 132. — Comp.:
intentiore custodia aliquem asservare,
Liv. 39, 19.— Sup.:
cum intentissima conquisitione ad triginta milia peditum confecisset,
Liv. 29, 35:
intentissima cura aliquid consequi,
Quint. 10, 1, 111:
haec omnia intentissima cura acta,
Liv. 25, 22, 4. —
D.
Strict:
intentum et magnis delictis inexorabilem scias,
Tac. A. 12, 42:
intentius delectum habere,
Liv. 8, 17:
intentiorem fore disciplinam,
Tac. A. 12, 42.—
E.
Raised:
intento alimentorum pretio,
Tac. H. 1, 89. —
F.
Of speech and style, vigorous, nervous:
sermo,
Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:
pars orationis,
id. ib. 2, 52, 211. — Adv.: in-tentē, with earnestness, attentively, intently:
pronuntiare,
Plin. Ep. 5, 19:
audire,
Quint. 2, 2, 13.— Comp. (cf. intense):
cum delectus intentius haberetur,
Liv. 8, 17:
et quo intentius custodiae serventur,
id. 25, 30, 5:
apparare proelium,
id. 8, 1:
se excusare,
Tac. A. 3, 35:
premere obsessos,
id. ib. 15, 13:
adesse alicui rei,
id. ib. 11, 11.— Sup.:
exspectans intentissime,
Lampr. Elag. 14. —
2.
intensus, a, um.
A.
Stretched, [p. 976] tightened, tight: per intensos funes ire, Sen. de Ira, 2, 13.—
B.
Violent:
intensior impetus,
Sen. Ira, 2, 35:
virtus in mediocribus modice intensior,
Nazar. Pan. ad Const. 23, 2.—
C.
Attentive; sup., Aug. Ep. 56 al.— Adv.: intensē, violently; comp.: intensius, Fronto de Fer. Als. 3 Mai.; Schol. Juv. 11, 15; sup.:
intensissime,
Aug. Mor. Eccl. 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > intendo
9 intense

in-tendo, di, tum and sum, 3, v. a. ( part. intenditus, Fronto, Fer. Als. 3, 11 Mai.), to stretch out or forth, extend.
I.
Lit.
A.
In hunc intende digitum, hic lenost, point in scorn, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 45:
dextram ad statuam,
Cic. Att. 16, 15:
alicui manus,
Sen. Clem. 1, 25:
bracchia,
Ov. M. 10, 58:
manus,
id. ib. 8, 107:
jubet intendi bracchia velis,
Verg. A. 5, 829:
intenta bracchia remis, id. ib, 5, 136: ventis vela,
id. ib. 3, 683:
nervos aut remittere,
Plin. 26, 10, 62, § 96:
cutem,
id. 8, 35, 53, § 125:
jamque manus Colchis crinemque intenderat astris,
Val. Fl. 8, 68.—
B.
To bend a bow, etc.:
ballistam in aliquem,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 58:
arcum,
Verg. A. 8, 704:
intentus est arcus in me unum,
Cic. Sest. 7, 15.—
C.
To aim or direct at a thing:
tela in patriam,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 9:
tela intenta jugulis civitatis,
id. Pis. 2:
sagittam,
Verg. A. 9, 590:
telum in jugulum,
Plin. Ep. 3, 9.—
D.
To stretch or spread out; to stretch, lay or put upon a thing:
tabernacula carbaseis intenta velis,
pitched, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 30; 2, 5, 31, § 80:
sella intenta loris,
Quint. 6, 3, 25:
stuppea vincula collo Intendunt,
Verg. A. 2, 237:
duro intendere bracchia tergo,
i. e. to bind with the cestus, id. ib. 5, 403:
locum sertis,
encircled, surrounded, id. ib. 4, 506:
vela secundi Intendunt Zephyri,
swell, fill, id. ib. 5, 33:
intendentibus tenebris,
spreading, Liv. 1, 57, 8.—
II.
Trop.
A.
To strain or stretch towards, to extend:
aciem acrem in omnes partes intendit,
turns keen looks on every side, Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 38:
aciem longius,
id. Ac. 2, 25, 80:
quo intendisset oculos,
whithersoever he turns his eyes, Tac. A. 4, 70:
aures ad verba,
Ov. P. 4, 4, 36: cum putaret licere senatui, et mitigare leges et intendere, to stretch, i. e. increase the rigor of, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 17:
numeros intendere nervis,
Verg. A. 9, 776 (per nervos intentos, Forbig.); cf.:
strepitum fidis intendisse Latinae,
Pers. 6, 4.—
B.
Esp.
1.
To direct towards any thing, to turn or bend in any direction:
digna est res ubi tu nervos intendas tuos,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20:
intendenda in senem est fallacia,
id. Heaut. 3, 2, 2:
ut eo quo intendit, cum exercitu mature perveniat,
Cic. Mur. 9: iter, to direct one ' s course:
ad explorandum quonam hostes iter intendissent,
Liv. 31, 33, 6:
a porta ad praetorem iter intendit,
id. 36, 21:
coeptum iter in Italiam,
id. 21, 29, 6; 27, 46, 9.— Absol.:
quo nunc primum intendam,
whither shall I turn? Ter. And. 2, 2, 6.—
2.
Intendere animum, to direct one ' s thoughts or attention to any thing: quaero enim non quibus intendam rebus animum, sed, etc., Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 329, 6:
parum defigunt animos et intendunt in ea, quae, etc.,
id. Ac. 2, 15, 46:
quo animum intendat, facile perspicio,
id. Verr. 1, 3;
Liv. praef. 9: intentus animus tuus est ad fortissimum virum liberandum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 9:
oculi mentesque ad pugnam intentae,
Caes. B. G. 3, 26:
in ea re omnium nostrorum intentis animis,
id. ib. 3, 22:
intendere animum in regnum Adherbalis,
Sall. J. 20, 1:
ad bellum animum intendit,
id. ib. 43, 2:
animum studiis et rebus honestis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 36:
considerationem in aliquam rem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 33:
omnes cogitationes ad aliquid,
Liv. 40, 5:
omnium eo curae sunt intentae,
Liv. 9, 31; id. 25, 9:
ad scribendum animum, oculos, manum,
Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 7: ubi ingenium intenderis, valet, Sall. J. 51, 3:
eruditionem tuam,
Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 14. —
3.
Hence, intendere alone, to urge on, incite:
intenderant eum ad cavendi omnia curam tot auditae proditiones,
Liv. 24, 37:
aliquem ad custodiae curam,
id. 21, 49:
vis omnis intendenda rebus,
Quint. 10, 7, 21.—
4.
To enlarge, spread, extend, magnify:
intendetur socordia, si nullus ex se metus aut spes,
Tac. A. 2, 38:
amici accendendis offensionibus callidi, intendere vera. adgerere falsa,
exaggerated, id. ib. 2, 57;
4, 11: gloriam,
id. ib. 4, 26;
12, 35: tormentum,
Cels. 4, 15 init. —
C.
Absol., to turn one ' s attention to, exert one ' s self for, to purpose, endeavor, intend:
pergin, sceleste, intendere hanc arguere?
Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 27 Brix:
quod est tibi ante explicandum, quam illuc proficiscare, quo te dicis intendere,
Cic. de Or. 2, 42:
quod ubi secus procedit, neque quod intenderat, efficere potest,
Sall. J. 25, 10:
quocumque intenderat,
id. ib. 74, 2; cf. id. ib. 64, 1;
102, 1: genera lectionum, quae praecipue convenire intendentibus, ut oratores fiant,
Quint. 10, 1, 45:
ad nuptias,
Just. 13, 6.—
(β).
With inf.:
quo ire intenderant,
Sall. J. 107, 7:
altum petere intendit,
Liv. 36, 44.—
D.
Intendere se, to exert one ' s self, prepare for any thing:
se ad firmitatem,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 23:
se in rem,
Quint. 4, 1, 39: qui se intenderunt adversarios in ejus tribunatum, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 2.—
E.
Intendere animo, to purpose in one ' s mind, to intend:
si C. Antonius, quod animo intenderat, perficere potuisset,
Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 9.—
F.
To maintain, assert:
eam sese intendit esse,
Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 19.—Esp., as leg. t. t., to aver, maintain, assert as a plaintiff in court:
quo modo nunc intendit,
Cic. Quint. 29, 88: si quod intendit adversarius tuus, probationibus implere non possit, Vet. cujusd. Jurec. Consult. 6, 16 Huschke; Dig. 10, 4, 9, § 6. —
G.
To threaten with any thing, to seek to bring upon, to afflict with:
alicui actionem perduellionis,
Cic. Mil. 14:
alicui litem,
id. de Or. 1, 10:
periculum in omnes,
id. Rosc. Am. 3:
crimen in aliquem,
Liv. 9, 26:
injuriarum formulam,
Suet. Vit. 7:
probra et minas alicui,
Tac. A. 3, 36:
metum intendere,
id. ib. 1, 28.—
H.
Intendere in se, to contemplate one ' s self: quid sit Deus: totus in se intendat, an ad nos aliquando respiciat, Sen. Q. N. praef. 1.—
I.
Intendere alicui, to be intended for a person, Stat. S. 3 praef.—
K.
In rhet., to premise, to state as the proposition of a syllogism, Quint. 5, 14, 10.—
L.
In gram., to make long, to use (a syllable) as long:
primam syllabam intendit, tertiam corripuit,
Gell. 13, 22. 18. — Hence, P. a. in two forms.
1.
inten-tus, a, um.
A.
On the stretch, strained, bent:
arcus,
Cic. Sen. 10, 37; Plin. 8, 8, 8, § 26.—
B.
Attentive to, intent upon, waiting for something.
(α).
With dat.:
quem pueri intenti ludo exercent,
Verg. A. 7, 380:
intentus recipiendo exercitui esse,
Liv. 10, 42, 1.—
(β).
With abl.:
aliquo negotio intentus,
Sall. C. 2; id. ib. 4; 54.—
C.
Absol., eager, intent:
at Romani domi militiaeque intenti festinare,
Sall. C. 6, 5:
senatus nihil sane intentus,
id. ib. 16, 5:
intenti exspectant signum,
Verg. A. 5, 137:
intenti ora tenebant,
id. ib. 2, 1:
totam causam quam maxime intentis, quod aiunt, oculis contemplari,
Cic. Fl. 11:
intentaque tuis precibus se praebuit aure,
Tib. 4, 1, 132. — Comp.:
intentiore custodia aliquem asservare,
Liv. 39, 19.— Sup.:
cum intentissima conquisitione ad triginta milia peditum confecisset,
Liv. 29, 35:
intentissima cura aliquid consequi,
Quint. 10, 1, 111:
haec omnia intentissima cura acta,
Liv. 25, 22, 4. —
D.
Strict:
intentum et magnis delictis inexorabilem scias,
Tac. A. 12, 42:
intentius delectum habere,
Liv. 8, 17:
intentiorem fore disciplinam,
Tac. A. 12, 42.—
E.
Raised:
intento alimentorum pretio,
Tac. H. 1, 89. —
F.
Of speech and style, vigorous, nervous:
sermo,
Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:
pars orationis,
id. ib. 2, 52, 211. — Adv.: in-tentē, with earnestness, attentively, intently:
pronuntiare,
Plin. Ep. 5, 19:
audire,
Quint. 2, 2, 13.— Comp. (cf. intense):
cum delectus intentius haberetur,
Liv. 8, 17:
et quo intentius custodiae serventur,
id. 25, 30, 5:
apparare proelium,
id. 8, 1:
se excusare,
Tac. A. 3, 35:
premere obsessos,
id. ib. 15, 13:
adesse alicui rei,
id. ib. 11, 11.— Sup.:
exspectans intentissime,
Lampr. Elag. 14. —
2.
intensus, a, um.
A.
Stretched, [p. 976] tightened, tight: per intensos funes ire, Sen. de Ira, 2, 13.—
B.
Violent:
intensior impetus,
Sen. Ira, 2, 35:
virtus in mediocribus modice intensior,
Nazar. Pan. ad Const. 23, 2.—
C.
Attentive; sup., Aug. Ep. 56 al.— Adv.: intensē, violently; comp.: intensius, Fronto de Fer. Als. 3 Mai.; Schol. Juv. 11, 15; sup.:
intensissime,
Aug. Mor. Eccl. 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > intense
10 intensus

in-tendo, di, tum and sum, 3, v. a. ( part. intenditus, Fronto, Fer. Als. 3, 11 Mai.), to stretch out or forth, extend.
I.
Lit.
A.
In hunc intende digitum, hic lenost, point in scorn, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 45:
dextram ad statuam,
Cic. Att. 16, 15:
alicui manus,
Sen. Clem. 1, 25:
bracchia,
Ov. M. 10, 58:
manus,
id. ib. 8, 107:
jubet intendi bracchia velis,
Verg. A. 5, 829:
intenta bracchia remis, id. ib, 5, 136: ventis vela,
id. ib. 3, 683:
nervos aut remittere,
Plin. 26, 10, 62, § 96:
cutem,
id. 8, 35, 53, § 125:
jamque manus Colchis crinemque intenderat astris,
Val. Fl. 8, 68.—
B.
To bend a bow, etc.:
ballistam in aliquem,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 58:
arcum,
Verg. A. 8, 704:
intentus est arcus in me unum,
Cic. Sest. 7, 15.—
C.
To aim or direct at a thing:
tela in patriam,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 9:
tela intenta jugulis civitatis,
id. Pis. 2:
sagittam,
Verg. A. 9, 590:
telum in jugulum,
Plin. Ep. 3, 9.—
D.
To stretch or spread out; to stretch, lay or put upon a thing:
tabernacula carbaseis intenta velis,
pitched, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 30; 2, 5, 31, § 80:
sella intenta loris,
Quint. 6, 3, 25:
stuppea vincula collo Intendunt,
Verg. A. 2, 237:
duro intendere bracchia tergo,
i. e. to bind with the cestus, id. ib. 5, 403:
locum sertis,
encircled, surrounded, id. ib. 4, 506:
vela secundi Intendunt Zephyri,
swell, fill, id. ib. 5, 33:
intendentibus tenebris,
spreading, Liv. 1, 57, 8.—
II.
Trop.
A.
To strain or stretch towards, to extend:
aciem acrem in omnes partes intendit,
turns keen looks on every side, Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 38:
aciem longius,
id. Ac. 2, 25, 80:
quo intendisset oculos,
whithersoever he turns his eyes, Tac. A. 4, 70:
aures ad verba,
Ov. P. 4, 4, 36: cum putaret licere senatui, et mitigare leges et intendere, to stretch, i. e. increase the rigor of, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 17:
numeros intendere nervis,
Verg. A. 9, 776 (per nervos intentos, Forbig.); cf.:
strepitum fidis intendisse Latinae,
Pers. 6, 4.—
B.
Esp.
1.
To direct towards any thing, to turn or bend in any direction:
digna est res ubi tu nervos intendas tuos,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20:
intendenda in senem est fallacia,
id. Heaut. 3, 2, 2:
ut eo quo intendit, cum exercitu mature perveniat,
Cic. Mur. 9: iter, to direct one ' s course:
ad explorandum quonam hostes iter intendissent,
Liv. 31, 33, 6:
a porta ad praetorem iter intendit,
id. 36, 21:
coeptum iter in Italiam,
id. 21, 29, 6; 27, 46, 9.— Absol.:
quo nunc primum intendam,
whither shall I turn? Ter. And. 2, 2, 6.—
2.
Intendere animum, to direct one ' s thoughts or attention to any thing: quaero enim non quibus intendam rebus animum, sed, etc., Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 329, 6:
parum defigunt animos et intendunt in ea, quae, etc.,
id. Ac. 2, 15, 46:
quo animum intendat, facile perspicio,
id. Verr. 1, 3;
Liv. praef. 9: intentus animus tuus est ad fortissimum virum liberandum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 9:
oculi mentesque ad pugnam intentae,
Caes. B. G. 3, 26:
in ea re omnium nostrorum intentis animis,
id. ib. 3, 22:
intendere animum in regnum Adherbalis,
Sall. J. 20, 1:
ad bellum animum intendit,
id. ib. 43, 2:
animum studiis et rebus honestis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 36:
considerationem in aliquam rem,
Cic. Inv. 2, 33:
omnes cogitationes ad aliquid,
Liv. 40, 5:
omnium eo curae sunt intentae,
Liv. 9, 31; id. 25, 9:
ad scribendum animum, oculos, manum,
Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 7: ubi ingenium intenderis, valet, Sall. J. 51, 3:
eruditionem tuam,
Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 14. —
3.
Hence, intendere alone, to urge on, incite:
intenderant eum ad cavendi omnia curam tot auditae proditiones,
Liv. 24, 37:
aliquem ad custodiae curam,
id. 21, 49:
vis omnis intendenda rebus,
Quint. 10, 7, 21.—
4.
To enlarge, spread, extend, magnify:
intendetur socordia, si nullus ex se metus aut spes,
Tac. A. 2, 38:
amici accendendis offensionibus callidi, intendere vera. adgerere falsa,
exaggerated, id. ib. 2, 57;
4, 11: gloriam,
id. ib. 4, 26;
12, 35: tormentum,
Cels. 4, 15 init. —
C.
Absol., to turn one ' s attention to, exert one ' s self for, to purpose, endeavor, intend:
pergin, sceleste, intendere hanc arguere?
Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 27 Brix:
quod est tibi ante explicandum, quam illuc proficiscare, quo te dicis intendere,
Cic. de Or. 2, 42:
quod ubi secus procedit, neque quod intenderat, efficere potest,
Sall. J. 25, 10:
quocumque intenderat,
id. ib. 74, 2; cf. id. ib. 64, 1;
102, 1: genera lectionum, quae praecipue convenire intendentibus, ut oratores fiant,
Quint. 10, 1, 45:
ad nuptias,
Just. 13, 6.—
(β).
With inf.:
quo ire intenderant,
Sall. J. 107, 7:
altum petere intendit,
Liv. 36, 44.—
D.
Intendere se, to exert one ' s self, prepare for any thing:
se ad firmitatem,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 23:
se in rem,
Quint. 4, 1, 39: qui se intenderunt adversarios in ejus tribunatum, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 2.—
E.
Intendere animo, to purpose in one ' s mind, to intend:
si C. Antonius, quod animo intenderat, perficere potuisset,
Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 9.—
F.
To maintain, assert:
eam sese intendit esse,
Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 19.—Esp., as leg. t. t., to aver, maintain, assert as a plaintiff in court:
quo modo nunc intendit,
Cic. Quint. 29, 88: si quod intendit adversarius tuus, probationibus implere non possit, Vet. cujusd. Jurec. Consult. 6, 16 Huschke; Dig. 10, 4, 9, § 6. —
G.
To threaten with any thing, to seek to bring upon, to afflict with:
alicui actionem perduellionis,
Cic. Mil. 14:
alicui litem,
id. de Or. 1, 10:
periculum in omnes,
id. Rosc. Am. 3:
crimen in aliquem,
Liv. 9, 26:
injuriarum formulam,
Suet. Vit. 7:
probra et minas alicui,
Tac. A. 3, 36:
metum intendere,
id. ib. 1, 28.—
H.
Intendere in se, to contemplate one ' s self: quid sit Deus: totus in se intendat, an ad nos aliquando respiciat, Sen. Q. N. praef. 1.—
I.
Intendere alicui, to be intended for a person, Stat. S. 3 praef.—
K.
In rhet., to premise, to state as the proposition of a syllogism, Quint. 5, 14, 10.—
L.
In gram., to make long, to use (a syllable) as long:
primam syllabam intendit, tertiam corripuit,
Gell. 13, 22. 18. — Hence, P. a. in two forms.
1.
inten-tus, a, um.
A.
On the stretch, strained, bent:
arcus,
Cic. Sen. 10, 37; Plin. 8, 8, 8, § 26.—
B.
Attentive to, intent upon, waiting for something.
(α).
With dat.:
quem pueri intenti ludo exercent,
Verg. A. 7, 380:
intentus recipiendo exercitui esse,
Liv. 10, 42, 1.—
(β).
With abl.:
aliquo negotio intentus,
Sall. C. 2; id. ib. 4; 54.—
C.
Absol., eager, intent:
at Romani domi militiaeque intenti festinare,
Sall. C. 6, 5:
senatus nihil sane intentus,
id. ib. 16, 5:
intenti exspectant signum,
Verg. A. 5, 137:
intenti ora tenebant,
id. ib. 2, 1:
totam causam quam maxime intentis, quod aiunt, oculis contemplari,
Cic. Fl. 11:
intentaque tuis precibus se praebuit aure,
Tib. 4, 1, 132. — Comp.:
intentiore custodia aliquem asservare,
Liv. 39, 19.— Sup.:
cum intentissima conquisitione ad triginta milia peditum confecisset,
Liv. 29, 35:
intentissima cura aliquid consequi,
Quint. 10, 1, 111:
haec omnia intentissima cura acta,
Liv. 25, 22, 4. —
D.
Strict:
intentum et magnis delictis inexorabilem scias,
Tac. A. 12, 42:
intentius delectum habere,
Liv. 8, 17:
intentiorem fore disciplinam,
Tac. A. 12, 42.—
E.
Raised:
intento alimentorum pretio,
Tac. H. 1, 89. —
F.
Of speech and style, vigorous, nervous:
sermo,
Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:
pars orationis,
id. ib. 2, 52, 211. — Adv.: in-tentē, with earnestness, attentively, intently:
pronuntiare,
Plin. Ep. 5, 19:
audire,
Quint. 2, 2, 13.— Comp. (cf. intense):
cum delectus intentius haberetur,
Liv. 8, 17:
et quo intentius custodiae serventur,
id. 25, 30, 5:
apparare proelium,
id. 8, 1:
se excusare,
Tac. A. 3, 35:
premere obsessos,
id. ib. 15, 13:
adesse alicui rei,
id. ib. 11, 11.— Sup.:
exspectans intentissime,
Lampr. Elag. 14. —
2.
intensus, a, um.
A.
Stretched, [p. 976] tightened, tight: per intensos funes ire, Sen. de Ira, 2, 13.—
B.
Violent:
intensior impetus,
Sen. Ira, 2, 35:
virtus in mediocribus modice intensior,
Nazar. Pan. ad Const. 23, 2.—
C.
Attentive; sup., Aug. Ep. 56 al.— Adv.: intensē, violently; comp.: intensius, Fronto de Fer. Als. 3 Mai.; Schol. Juv. 11, 15; sup.:
intensissime,
Aug. Mor. Eccl. 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > intensus
11 slægja

gut

* * *

1.

ð, [slóg], to clean out fish; s. þorsk, silung, lax.

II. [slægr], metaph. to ‘clean out,’ i. e. to cheat a person or steal a thing; hann þann (the devil) fló þangat ok vildi slægja öndina frá honum, and would steal his soul from him, Niðrst. 5; hversu hann vildi pretta mik ok slægja ( to entice) með sínum fagrgala, Barl. 97; s. hug e-s ok hjarta, to entice, ensnare one’s heart and mind, 150.

2. impers., eigi slægir mik hér til langvista í Noregi, it tempts me not here to linger in Norway, Grett. 206 new Ed.

3. reflex., slægjask til e-s, to grope or seek for a thing, of gain, the metaphor prob. from cleaning fish; hér er til lítils at slægjask, but little profit to be had, Lv. 46; Þórðr unni henni lítið, hafði hann mjök slægzk til fjár, Th. loved her not, and had married her for her money’s sake, Ld. 124.

2.

u, f. profit; mun yðr ekki svá mikil s. at drepa mann þenna, Finnb. 350; þykkir svá mikil s. til mægða við Bolla, Ld. 186: kveðsk miklu meiri slægja (slægr, Fb. l. c.) þykkja til vináttu hans, enn í fé, Orkn. 428. slægju-lauss, adj. unprofitable, Grett. 120 A.

3.

u, f. [from slá], a mown field, = slátta (q. v.), freq. in mod. usage: ó-slægja, the unmown part, in a half-mown field; siðan gékk hann út aptr á völlinn og stráði orfunum til og frá með ó-slægjunni, along the edge of the unmown part of the field, Ísl. Þóðs. i. 12.

2. plur., gjalda slægjur húskörlum sínum á haust, Fbr. 201 (of a kind of Icel. harvest-feast, at mowing time).

COMPDS: slægjuland, slægjulauss.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > slægja
12 circumspicio

circum-spĭcĭo, exi, ectum, 3 ( perf. sync. circumspexti, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 55; inf. sync. circumspexe, Varr. ap. Non. p. 106, 16, or Sat. Men. 82), v. n. and a. (class.).
I.
Neutr., to look about one ' s self, to cast a look around; or, with an obj.-clause, to observe, see, look about:
circumspicedum, numquis est, Sermonem nostrum quiaucupet,
see whether there is any one, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 41; 2, 2, 43; Ter. And. 2, 2, 20;
Varr. l. l.: suus conjux ubi sit circumspicit,
Ov. M. 1, 605:
circumspicere late,
Quint. 10, 3, 29:
num quid circumspexti?
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 55:
diversi circumspiciunt,
Verg. A. 9, 416:
qui in auspicium adhibetur nec suspicit nec circumspicit,
Cic. Div. 2, 34, 72:
circumspicit, aestuat, of one in trouble or perplexity,
id. Rosc. Com. 14, 43; cf. Liv. 21, 22, 7.—
(β).
Sometimes circumspicere se, to look about one ' s self:
circumspicedum te, ne quis adsit arbiter,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 109; Varr. ap. Non. p. 106, 16;
Auct. B. Afr. 47: numquamne te circumspicies?
Cic. Par. 4, 2, 30.—In partic., to look about one ' s self with haughtiness; to think highly of one ' s self:
usque eone te diligis et magnifice circumspicis?
Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 5;
and trop. of language: Romanus sermo magis se circumspicit et aestimat praebetque aestimandum,
Sen. Ep. 40, 11.—
B.
Trop., to exercise foresight, be cautious, take heed:
esse circumspiciendum diligenter, ut, etc.,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3, § 10: cui mandetis (rempublicam) circumspicite [p. 342] Sall. H. 2, 41, 10 Dietsch.—Esp. freq.,
II.
Act., to view on all sides, to survey:
cum sua quisque miles circumspiceret,
looked carefully to see, Caes. B. G. 5, 31; Liv. 9, 28, 5:
tam latā acie ne ex medio quidem cornua sua circumspicere poterant,
Liv. 37, 41, 4:
lucos,
Ov. M. 5, 265:
amictus,
to review, id. ib. 4, 318; so,
habitum suum,
Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 3; cf. under circumspectus, adv.—
2.
To descry, get sight of by looking around:
saxum circumspicit ingens,
Verg. A. 12, 896:
Athin,
Ov. M. 5, 72.—
B.
Transf., of things:
in latus omne patens turris circumspicit undas,
Ov. H. 6, 69.—
C.
Trop.
1.
To view something mentally, to survey, ponder upon, weigh, consider (syn.:
considero, perpendo): reliqua ejus consilia animo circumspiciebat,
Caes. B. G. 6, 5:
circumspicite paulisper mentibus vestris hosce ipsos homines,
Cic. Sull. 25, 70; cf.
se,
id. Par. 4, 2, 30:
neque temere consulem saltatorem vocare, sed circumspicere, quibus praeterea vitiis adfectum esse necesse sit eum, etc.,
id. Mur. 6, 13.—So with rel. -clause, Sall. H. 2, 41 Dietsch; Sen. Ep. 70, 5; Calp. Ecl. 5, 95:
circumspectis rebus omnibus rationibusque subductis summam feci,
Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10:
permulta sunt in causis circumspicienda, ne quid offendas,
id. de Or. 2, 74, 301; id. Agr. 1, 8, 23; id. Fam. 5, 13, 3:
circumspicite celeriter animo, qui sint rerum exitus consecuti,
id. Leg. 2, 17, 42:
vide, quaere, circumspice, si quis est forte ex eā provinciā qui te nolit perisse,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 77, § 180; id. Clu. 53, 147; id. Cat. 4, 2, 4; Liv. 23, 20, 6; cf. Tac. H. 2, 6; Suet. Aug. 63.—With ut and subj., Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3, § 10; Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 87:
cum circumspicerent Patres quosnam consules facerent,
Liv. 27, 34, 1.—
2.
To look about for something with desire, to seek for, etc. (so mostly since the Aug. per.):
nec, sicut aestivas aves, statim auctumno tecta ac recessum circumspicere,
Liv. 5, 6, 2; 7, 14, 6:
externa auxilia,
id. 1, 30, 6; cf. Just. 22, 5, 4:
fugam,
Tac. A. 14, 35; Just. 2, 12, 26:
novas belli causas,
id. 31, 1, 8; Verg. G. 3, 390; Plin. Ep. 3, 3, 3:
peregrinos reges sibi,
Just. 40, 1, 1; 22, 5, 4:
viresque suas circumspectantes his validiores,
Amm. 22, 8, 18.—Hence, circumspectus, a, um, P. a.
A.
Of things, weighed with care, well considered, guarded, circumspect (perh. not ante - Aug.):
verba non circumspecta,
Ov. F. 5, 539:
judicium,
Quint. 10, 1, 26:
interrogatio,
id. 5, 7, 31:
moderatio animi,
Val. Max. 4, 3, 4:
circumspectissima sanctio decreti,
id. 1, 1, 20.—
2.
Transf. to the person who carefully weighs a thing, circumspect, considerate, cautious, wary, provident, heedful:
modo circumspectus et sagax, modo inconsultus et praeceps,
Suet. Claud. 15:
circumspectissimus et prudentissimus princeps,
id. Tib. 21:
tenues et circumspecti,
Quint. 12, 10, 23; Cels. 3, 9 fin.:
omnes,
Col. 1, 8, 16; 1, 7, 12:
sive aliquis circumspectior est,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 1, 5.—Of dogs:
assidui et circumspecti magis quam temeraril,
Col. 7, 12, 5.—
B.
In late Lat., worthy of consideration, respected, distinguished:
circumspectum et verecundum nomen populi Romani,
Amm. 14, 6, 6:
colores,
id. 28, 4, 12:
circumspectus genere, famā potentiāque,
id. 18, 10, 1.—Hence, circumspectē, adv., with consideration, with mature deliberation, warily, cautiously, considerately, circumspectly, etc.:
circumspecte compositeque indutus et amictus,
Gell. 1, 5, 2 (cf. supra, II. D.):
circumspecte vestiti,
Amm. 27, 3, 14:
circumspecte facti versus,
Gell. 9, 10, 6:
facere aliquid,
Dig. 4, 4, 7, § 8: parcius et circumspectius faciendum est, * Quint. 9, 2, 69:
circumspectius donare, eligere eos, in quos merita conferantur,
Sen. Ben. 3, 14, 1.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > circumspicio
13 scrutans

scrūtor, āri, ātus, v. dep. a. [scruta; cf.: gruteuei, scrutatur, Gloss. Philox.], qs. to search even to the rags, i. e. to search carefully, examine thoroughly, explore a thing; to search, examine a person (syn.: indago, rimo).
I.
Lit., of things:
domos, naves,
Cic. Vatin. 5, 12:
loca abdita,
Sall. J. 12, 5:
omnia foramina parietum scrutatur,
Petr. 98, 1:
paleam,
id. 33, 4:
terraï abdita ferro,
Lucr. 6, 809:
ignem gladio,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 276:
lumina manibus,
Sen. Oedip. 965:
scrutatus sum quae potui et quae vidi omnia: inveni duos solos libellos, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182; cf. Tac. H. 4, 1:
L. Crassus spiculis prope scrutatus est Alpes,
Cic. Pis. 26, 62:
occulta saltuum,
Tac. A. 1, 61:
mare,
id. Agr. 30; id. G. 45; cf.:
scrutandi orbis gratiā,
Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 9:
canis scrutatur vestigia (ferarum),
id. 8, 40, 61, § 147:
venantium latibula scrutatus,
Curt. 6, 5, 17:
vias presso ore (canis),
Sen. Thyest. 499:
equorum delicta scrutantes,
Amm. 14, 6, 25.—Of personal objects: Eu. Ostende huc manum dexteram... Nunc laevam ostende... Jam scrutari mitto, to search you, Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 24:
non excutio te, non scrutor,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97; so of searching, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 1:
consuetudinem salutantes scrutandi,
Suet. Vesp. 12 fin.;
and of a searching for spoil,
Tac. H. 3, 25.—
B.
Transf., to seek for, search out a thing (post-Aug. and very rare):
venas melini inter saxa,
Plin. 35, 6, 19, § 37:
iter,
Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 172; cf. infra, II. B.—
II.
Trop., to examine thoroughly; to explore, investigate: quod est ante pedes nemo spectat: caeli scrutantur plagas, Enn. ap. Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30; Cic. Div. 2, 13, 30 (Trag. v. 277 Vahl.):
omnes sordes,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3, § 11;
cf: nomina ac vultus, alacritatem tristitiamque coëuntium,
Tac. A. 16, 5:
animos ceterorum secretis sermonibus,
id. H. 4, 55:
voluntatem,
Quint. 2, 4, 26:
locos, ex quibus argumenta eruamus,
Cic. de Or 2, 34, 146; cf. id. Part. 3, 8:
desinamus aliquando ea scrutari, quae sunt inania,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 83; cf.:
quod non ratione scrutabimur, non poterimus invenire nisi casu,
Quint. 5, 10, 22:
interiores et reconditas litteras,
Cic. N. D. 3, 16, 42:
origines nominum,
Quint. 1, 4, 25:
omnia minutius et scrupulosius,
id. 5, 14, 28:
inferiora quoque,
id. 7, 1, 27:
exoletos auctores,
id. 8, 2, 12:
scripturas,
Vulg. Johan. 5, 39.— Absol.:
totum diem mecum scrutor, facta ac dicta mea remetior,
Sen. Ira, 3, 36, 3.—
B.
Transf. (cf. supra, I. B.), to search into; to search out, find out a thing (so not till after the Aug. per.):
fibras Inspiciunt, mentes deum scrutantur in illis,
Ov. M. 15, 137:
finem principis per Chaldaeos,
Tac. A. 12, 52:
sua Caesarisque fata,
id. ib. 16, 14:
arcanum ullius,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 37:
ut causas hujus infinitae differentiae scrutetur,
Tac. Or. 15; cf. Plin. Ep. 4, 30, 11:
harenarum numerum et montium pondera scrutari,
Amm. 14, 11, 34.— P. a.: scrūtans, antis (late Lat.), perh. only in sup., that most closely examines:
militaris rei ordinum scrutantissimus,
Amm. 30, 9, 4.— Hence, adv.: scrūtanter, searchingly, Ambros. Ep. 80. Act. collat. form scrūto, āre, acc. to Prisc. p. 799 P; cf. gruteuô, scruto, Gloss. Philox.—Hence,
b.
scrūtor, ātus, pass., Amm. 28, 1, 10; 15, 8, 16; Aur. Vict. Orig. 6, 3.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > scrutans
14 scrutor

scrūtor, āri, ātus, v. dep. a. [scruta; cf.: gruteuei, scrutatur, Gloss. Philox.], qs. to search even to the rags, i. e. to search carefully, examine thoroughly, explore a thing; to search, examine a person (syn.: indago, rimo).
I.
Lit., of things:
domos, naves,
Cic. Vatin. 5, 12:
loca abdita,
Sall. J. 12, 5:
omnia foramina parietum scrutatur,
Petr. 98, 1:
paleam,
id. 33, 4:
terraï abdita ferro,
Lucr. 6, 809:
ignem gladio,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 276:
lumina manibus,
Sen. Oedip. 965:
scrutatus sum quae potui et quae vidi omnia: inveni duos solos libellos, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182; cf. Tac. H. 4, 1:
L. Crassus spiculis prope scrutatus est Alpes,
Cic. Pis. 26, 62:
occulta saltuum,
Tac. A. 1, 61:
mare,
id. Agr. 30; id. G. 45; cf.:
scrutandi orbis gratiā,
Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 9:
canis scrutatur vestigia (ferarum),
id. 8, 40, 61, § 147:
venantium latibula scrutatus,
Curt. 6, 5, 17:
vias presso ore (canis),
Sen. Thyest. 499:
equorum delicta scrutantes,
Amm. 14, 6, 25.—Of personal objects: Eu. Ostende huc manum dexteram... Nunc laevam ostende... Jam scrutari mitto, to search you, Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 24:
non excutio te, non scrutor,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97; so of searching, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 1:
consuetudinem salutantes scrutandi,
Suet. Vesp. 12 fin.;
and of a searching for spoil,
Tac. H. 3, 25.—
B.
Transf., to seek for, search out a thing (post-Aug. and very rare):
venas melini inter saxa,
Plin. 35, 6, 19, § 37:
iter,
Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 172; cf. infra, II. B.—
II.
Trop., to examine thoroughly; to explore, investigate: quod est ante pedes nemo spectat: caeli scrutantur plagas, Enn. ap. Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30; Cic. Div. 2, 13, 30 (Trag. v. 277 Vahl.):
omnes sordes,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3, § 11;
cf: nomina ac vultus, alacritatem tristitiamque coëuntium,
Tac. A. 16, 5:
animos ceterorum secretis sermonibus,
id. H. 4, 55:
voluntatem,
Quint. 2, 4, 26:
locos, ex quibus argumenta eruamus,
Cic. de Or 2, 34, 146; cf. id. Part. 3, 8:
desinamus aliquando ea scrutari, quae sunt inania,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 83; cf.:
quod non ratione scrutabimur, non poterimus invenire nisi casu,
Quint. 5, 10, 22:
interiores et reconditas litteras,
Cic. N. D. 3, 16, 42:
origines nominum,
Quint. 1, 4, 25:
omnia minutius et scrupulosius,
id. 5, 14, 28:
inferiora quoque,
id. 7, 1, 27:
exoletos auctores,
id. 8, 2, 12:
scripturas,
Vulg. Johan. 5, 39.— Absol.:
totum diem mecum scrutor, facta ac dicta mea remetior,
Sen. Ira, 3, 36, 3.—
B.
Transf. (cf. supra, I. B.), to search into; to search out, find out a thing (so not till after the Aug. per.):
fibras Inspiciunt, mentes deum scrutantur in illis,
Ov. M. 15, 137:
finem principis per Chaldaeos,
Tac. A. 12, 52:
sua Caesarisque fata,
id. ib. 16, 14:
arcanum ullius,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 37:
ut causas hujus infinitae differentiae scrutetur,
Tac. Or. 15; cf. Plin. Ep. 4, 30, 11:
harenarum numerum et montium pondera scrutari,
Amm. 14, 11, 34.— P. a.: scrūtans, antis (late Lat.), perh. only in sup., that most closely examines:
militaris rei ordinum scrutantissimus,
Amm. 30, 9, 4.— Hence, adv.: scrūtanter, searchingly, Ambros. Ep. 80. Act. collat. form scrūto, āre, acc. to Prisc. p. 799 P; cf. gruteuô, scruto, Gloss. Philox.—Hence,
b.
scrūtor, ātus, pass., Amm. 28, 1, 10; 15, 8, 16; Aur. Vict. Orig. 6, 3.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > scrutor
15 धाव्

dhāv
1) cl. 1. P. Ā. dhā́vati, - te (pf. dadhāva, - ve Gr.;

aor. adadhāvat RV. ;
adhāvīt Br. ;
Prec. dhāvyāsam Gr.;
fut. dhāvishyati Kāv., - te andﾠ dhāvitā Gr.;
ind. p. dhāvitvā andﾠ - vya Kāv. ;
dhautvā Gr.);
to run, flow, stream, move, glide, swim RV. etc. etc.;
to run after (with orﾠ scil. paṡcāt) Mn. MBh. etc. = seek for (acc.) Kir. II, 29 ;
run towards (- abhimukham) Hit., run a race ( ājim) Br., run as fast as possible ( sarvaṉjavam) ib. ;
run to andﾠ fro ( itaṡcêtaṡca) MBh. Hit. ;
run away, flee RV. AV. ;
to advance orﾠ rush against (acc.) MBh. R. ;
( prati) Kathās.:
Caus. dhāváyati (aor. adīdhavat Gr.) to make run, impel Pañc. ;
to drive in a chariot, (with instr. of the vehicle andﾠ acc. of the way) Br. ;
to jump, dance RV. X, 146, 2. (Cf. 2. dhan, dhanv, dhav;
√1. dhū.)
2) cl. 1. P. Ā. dhāvati, - te (pf. dadhāva Bhaṭṭ. ;
aor. - adhāvishṭa RV. IX, 70, 8 ;
ind. p. dhautvā Prab. IV, 23 <v.l. dhūtvā> andﾠ - dhāvya, Kauṡ.) to rinse, cleanse, wash, purify, polish, make bright (Ā. alsoﾠ to rub one's self with, rub into one's own person) RV. andﾠ c. etc.:
Pass. dhāvyate (pf. 3. pl. - dadhāvire) Ṡiṡ.:
Caus. dhavayati, - te, to cleanse, wash Br. Mn. MBh. etc.;
cause to be washed L.:
Desid. didhāvishati, - te;
Intens. dādhāvyate Gr.

Sanskrit-English dictionary > धाव्
16 sobelemek

/ı/ hide-and-go-seek 1. (for the person who´s it) to put (a player) out. 2. to reach base before (someone else).

Saja Türkçe - İngilizce Sözlük > sobelemek
17 REYNA

seek

* * *

(-da, -dr), v.

1) to try, prove (lengi skal manninn r.); hann lét Gunnar r. ymsar íþróttir við menn sína, he let G. essay divers feats against his men; ef við Þorsteinn skulum r. með okkr, if Thorstein and I shall make trial of each other; r. eptir e-u, to search, pry, inquire into (hann reyndi eptir mörgum hlutum); r. til, to make trial (Bróðir reyndi til með forneskju, hversu ganga mundi orrostan);

2) to experience (reynt hefi ek brattara); hefi ek þik reynt at góðum drengi, I have proved (found) thee to be a good fellow; r. e-t af e-m, to meet with (hann hafði reynt af Böðvari vináttu mikla);

3) refl., reynast, to turn out, prove to be (reyndist Gunnlaugr hinn hraustasti); þat mun þó síðar r., but this will be put to the proof by and by; also with dat., ef mér reynist Þórólfr jamnvel mannaðr, if I find Thorolf as well accomplished.

* * *

d, [raun; Norse röyna; for the etymology see rún]:—to try; hann lét Gunnar reyna ýmsar íþróttir við sína menn, Nj. 46: segir sik vera búinn at þeir reyni þat, Fms. i. 59; menn eru við beygarð þinn, ok reyna desjarnar, Boll. 348; ef þat þarf at reyna inn skipti vár sona Eireks, Eg. 524:—with the notion of ‘trial,’ danger, spurði hvar hann hefði þess verit at hann hefði mest reynt sik, Eg. 687; ef vit skulum reyna með okkr, 715:—to experience, Hm. 95, 101; sannyndum ok einurð, er hann mun reyna at mér, Eg. 63; þykkir mér undarligt ef konungr ætlar mik nú annan mann en þá reyndi hann mik, 65: the saying, sá veit görst er reynir.

2. to examine; reynit (rønit) ef ér elskið Guð sannliga, Greg. 18: to explore, fjöld ek reynda regin, Vþm.: as a law term, to challenge, síðan skolu þeir reyna dóminn, Grág. i. 165; reyna sekð í dómi, 488.

3. reyna eptir, to search, pry, enquire into; hann hét þó at fara sjálfr ok reyna eptir honum, Nj. 131, v. l.: esp of a person endowed with second sight or power of working charms, Þorkell spakr bjó í Njarðvík, hann reyndi eptir mörgum hlutum, Dropl. 34; engan bíðr minn líka í fræði ok framsýni, at reyna eptir því sem stolit er, Stj. 218:—reyna til, id.; Bróðir reyndi til með forneskju hversu ganga mundi orrostan, Nj. 273 (eptir-reyning).

II. reflex. to be proved or shewn, turn out by experience; þat mun síðar reynask, Nj. 18; e-m reynisk e-t, it proves; ef mér reynisk Þórólfr jamnvel mannadr, Eg. 28; þá skal svá fara um arfekjur sem þat reynisk, according to the evidence, Grág. i. 219; ok er þegar rétt at stefna um, er reynisk för úmaga, 258; hann deildi við Karla um oxa, ok reyndisk svá, at Karli átti, Landn. 165; hann bar fé undir höfðingja sem síðan reyndisk. Fms. x. 397:—part. reyndr, nú em ek at nokkuru reyndr, put on my trial, Nj. 46: tried, afflicted: experienced.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > REYNA
18 Arbeit

Arbeit f 1. GEN task, work, workmanship; 2. PERS work, job, employment; 3. WIWI (AE) labor, (BE) labour • aktiv nach Arbeit suchen PERS, SOZ actively looking for work (such as contacting employers or public or private employment agencies) • an die Arbeit gehen PERS start work • an der Arbeit sein PERS be at work • Arbeit annehmen PERS take employment, take a job, accept a job • Arbeit aufgeben PERS give up work • Arbeit aufnehmen PERS take up employment, take up work, start a job • Arbeit ausführen PERS carry out work, perform work • Arbeit beginnen PERS start a job, start work, begin work • Arbeit durchführen PERS carry out work, perform work • Arbeit finden PERS find work, find employment, find a job • Arbeit haben PERS have a job, be employed, be in work • Arbeit muss sich lohnen POL, WIWI make work pay (strategischer Ansatz zur Bekämpfung der Arbeitslosigkeit) • Arbeit nach Vorschrift machen PERS work to rule, go slow, (AE) work to contract • Arbeit schaffen PERS create work • Arbeit suchen PERS seek work, look for work, look for a job, seek a job • Arbeit verrichten PERS do one’s work, carry out one’s work • Arbeit wieder aufnehmen PERS, SOZ resume work, return to work • Arbeiten auslagern GEN, PERS outsource, contract out • Arbeiten nach außen vergeben GEN, PERS outsource, contract out, put out to contract • auf Arbeit gehen PERS go to work • bei der Arbeit fehlen PERS be off work • der Arbeit abgeneigt GEN, PERS, MGT disinclined to work, work-shy (arbeitsscheu) • die Arbeit antreten PERS report for work • die Arbeit beenden 1. GEN finish work; 2. PERS cease work, stop working • die Arbeit einstellen GEN finish work • die Arbeit im Griff haben PERS be on top of one’s job • die Arbeit niederlegen PERS down tools, walk out • gute Arbeit leisten PERS do a good job • in der Arbeit sein PERS be at work • in Arbeit bleiben PERS stay in employment, continue to work, remain in employment, stay in the job, remain in the job • in Arbeit sein 1. GEN, IND, MGT be in process, be in progress; 2. PERS be employed • in Arbeit verbleiben PERS stay in employment, stay in the job, remain in the job, continue to work, remain in employment • in Arbeit vermitteln SOZ place in work, place people in work, place in jobs, place people in jobs • jmdn. wieder in Arbeit bringen PERS bring sb back to work, get sb back into work • mit Arbeit eingedeckt sein PERS (infrml) be up to one’s neck in work, have lots to do • mit der Arbeit anfangen PERS begin work, begin to work, start work, start to work • ohne Arbeit sein PERS be out of work, be without employment • schlechte Arbeit leisten PERS do a bad job • seine Arbeit verlieren PERS lose one’s work, lose one’s job • sich an die Arbeit machen GEN get down to work • sich seine Arbeit einteilen PERS organize one’s work, divide up one’s work • von der Arbeit freistellen PERS release from work, give time off • zur Arbeit gehen PERS go to work
* * *

f 1. < Geschäft> task, work, workmanship; 2. < Person> work, job, employment; 3. <Vw> labor (AE), labour (BE) ■ Arbeit annehmen < Person> take employment, take a job, accept a job ■ Arbeit aufgeben < Person> give up work ■ Arbeit aufnehmen < Person> take up employment, take up work, start a job ■ Arbeit beginnen < Person> start a job, start work, begin work ■ Arbeit finden < Person> find work, find employment ■ Arbeit haben < Person> have a job, be employed ■ Arbeit muss sich lohnen <Pol, Vw> strategischer Ansatz zur Bekämpfung der Arbeitslosigkeit make work pay ■ Arbeit suchen < Person> seek work, look for work, look for a job, seek a job ■ Arbeit wieder aufnehmen < Person> resume work, return to work ■ der Arbeit abgeneigt <Geschäft, Person, Mgmnt> arbeitsscheu disinclined to work, work-shy ■ die Arbeit beenden < Geschäft> finish work < Person> cease work, stop working ■ die Arbeit einstellen < Geschäft> finish work ■ die Arbeit im Griff haben < Person> be on top of one's job ■ die Arbeit niederlegen < Person> down tools, walk out ■ in Arbeit sein 1. <Geschäft, Ind, Mgmnt> be in process, be in progress; 2. < Person> be employed ■ in Arbeit vermitteln < Sozial> place in work, place people in work, place in jobs, place people in jobs ■ mit Arbeit eingedeckt sein < Person> be up to one's neck in work infrml, have lots to do ■ ohne Arbeit sein < Person> be out of work, be without employment ■ seine Arbeit verlieren < Person> lose one's work, lose one's job ■ sich an die Arbeit machen < Geschäft> get down to work ■ von der Arbeit freistellen < Person> release from work

* * *
Arbeit
work, labo(u)r, (Aufgabe) task, assignment, (Ausführung) workmanship, craftsmanship, handiwork, (Beschäftigung) employment, achievement, job, occupation, (Dienst) service, (Erzeugnis) product, make, (Geschäft) concern, business, (Leistung) performance, output, (Mühe) effort, trouble, pains, toil, exertion, (Stück) piece of work, job, (Tätigkeit) activity, operation;
• auf dem Weg zur Arbeit (Versicherungsrecht) on the way to business;
• bei der Arbeit on the job, at work;
• mit Arbeit überlastet overwhelmed with work;
• nach umfangreicher und harter Arbeit after much hard work;
• ohne Arbeit out of work;
• während der Arbeit in course of one’s employment;
• über Gemeinkosten abgerechnete Arbeit indirect labo(u)r;
• in der Qualität abweichende Arbeit spotty piece of work;
• auferlegte Arbeit task;
• wieder aufgenommene Arbeit return to plant;
• auserwählte Arbeit delicate workmanship;
• schlampig ausgeführte Arbeit slipshod (shoddy, ragged) [piece of] work;
• ausgezeichnete Arbeit excellent piece of work;
• in der Ausführung begriffene Arbeit work in progress;
• bequeme und lukrative Arbeit sweet job;
• bezahlte Arbeit paid work;
• im Akkord bezahlte Arbeit work at piece rates;
• schlecht bezahlte Arbeit badly paid (journeyman) work, tight job;
• nach Stunden (stundenweise) bezahlte Arbeit time work, work at time rates;
• untertariflich bezahlte Arbeit scab work;
• eigene Arbeit personal labo(u)r;
• in den Tarif einbezogene Arbeit bargain work;
• einträgliche Arbeit fat [job];
• entfremdete Arbeit alienation of labo(u)r;
• noch zu erledigende Arbeiten jobs awaiting attention;
• erstklassige Arbeit finest workmanship;
• fachmännische Arbeit professional job;
• fertig gestellte Arbeit [accomplished] work;
• freiwillige Arbeit labo(u)r of love;
• ganztägige Arbeit full-time job;
• geistige Arbeit brainwork, headwork;
• im Stücklohn geleistete Arbeit contract work;
• tatsächlich geleistete Arbeit hours worked;
• in Angriff genommene Arbeit job in hand;
• gewöhnliche Arbeit ordinary labo(u)r;
• gleichwertige Arbeit equal work;
• grenzüberschreitende Arbeit transnational work;
• harte Arbeit hard work;
• hervorragende Arbeit first-rate workmanship, excellent piece of work;
• hochwertige Arbeit high-class workmanship;
• kinderleichte Arbeit child’s play;
• körperliche Arbeit manual labo(u)r;
• langweilige Arbeit dry work, boring job, a chore (US);
• laufende Arbeit work in progress;
• liederliche Arbeit slipshod work;
• mechanische Arbeit unskilled labo(u)r, routine job;
• minderwertige Arbeit inferior workmanship;
• monotone Arbeit humdrum work;
• niedrige Arbeit menial work;
• öffentliche Arbeiten public works;
• Zeit raubende Arbeit time-consuming work;
• saisonbedingte Arbeit seasonality of work;
• schlampige Arbeit a lick and a promise (coll.), slipshod (shoddy, ragged) [piece of] work;
• schlechte Arbeit poor workmanship;
• schludrige Arbeit badly finished (rush, slovenly) work, slapdash, slopwork;
• schmutzige Arbeit dirty work;
• schweres Stück (schwierige) Arbeit tough job, difficult task;
• selbstständige Arbeit occupation of a professional nature;
• termingebundene Arbeit (Werbung) traffic;
• überflüssige Arbeit unnecessary labo(u)r;
• global übernommene Arbeit lump work;
• vertraglich übernommene Arbeit contract labo(u)r;
• unbezahlte Arbeit unremunerative work;
• unerledigte Arbeit unfinished work;
• ungelernte Arbeit common labo(u)r, manual (unskilled) work;
• unselbstständige Arbeit wagework, employment [work], (Doppelbesteuerungsabkommen) dependent personal service;
• vergütete Arbeit work against payment;
• vorausbezahlte Arbeit horse (sl.);
• vorbereitete Arbeit dead work;
• vordringliche Arbeit priority (key) job;
• ziemliche Arbeit lot of work;
• nicht zusagende Arbeit uncongenial job;
• mit dem Euro zusammenhängende Arbeit euro-related work;
• Arbeit im Akkord task wages (work), job work, piecework,
• Arbeit am laufenden Band work on the assembly line, serial production;
• Arbeit für den Fachmann skilled job;
• Arbeit von Führungskräften managerial work;
• Arbeit als landwirtschaftlicher Gehilfe farm labo(u)ring;
• Arbeit und Kapital Capital and Labo(u)r;
• Arbeit auf Prämienbasis work on the bonus system;
• Arbeit außerhalb der Saison off-season work;
• Arbeit in wechselnden Schichten split shift;
• Arbeit unter Tage underground work;
• Arbeit im Tagelohn daywork;
• Arbeit unter Tariflohn scab work;
• Arbeit mit geringer Verdienstspanne low-profit work;
• Arbeit nach Vorschrift go-slow (Br.), work-to-rule (Br.);
• Arbeit sparend labo(u)r-saving;
• Arbeit an einen Untergebenen abgeben to devolve work on a subordinate;
• j. bei einer Arbeit ablösen to give s. o. a spell;
• zur Arbeit anhalten to keep in harness;
• ganz in seiner Arbeit aufgehen to burn with love for one’s work;
• mit der Arbeit aufhören to knock off work;
• Arbeit wieder aufnehmen to go back to work,to fall to work again;
• Arbeit bei Fortsetzung der Lohnverhandlungen wieder aufnehmen to negotiate a return to work pending further talks;
• Arbeit aufteilen to divide up the work;
• Arbeit auf mehrere Leute aufteilen to break up a piece of work among several people;
• Arbeiten und Lieferungen ausschreiben to invite tenders;
• Arbeit aussetzen to stop working, to walk out (US);
• von der Arbeit befreien to release from working;
• bei der Ernte Arbeit bekommen to get a turn of work at the harvest;
• großen Teil der Arbeit hinter sich bringen to get through a lot of work;
• Arbeit einstellen to stop working, to knock off, (streiken) to lay down tools, to cease work, (kündigen) to quit work, (streiken) to turn out, to come out on strike, to walk out (US);
• Arbeit erledigen to manage a piece of work;
• seine Arbeit flüchtig erledigen to scurry through one’s work;
• Arbeit innerhalb einer Woche erledigen to finish a job within (inside of, US) a week;
• in Arbeit ersticken to be smothered with work;
• der Arbeit fernbleiben to absent o. s. from work;
• scharenweise der Arbeit fernbleiben to stay away from the assembly line in droves;
• während der Arbeit schnell etw. futtern to put on the nose bag (fam.);
• Auftrag in Arbeit geben to put an order in hand;
• an die Arbeit gehen to proceed to business;
• auf Arbeit gehen to go out (take) to work;
• ernsthaft an die Arbeit gehen to go roundly to work;
• seine Arbeit lieb gewinnen to reconcile o. s. to one’s work;
• neues Buch in Arbeit haben to have a new book on the stocks;
• keine Arbeit haben to be out of work (unemployed);
• Arbeit wieder aufgenommen haben to be back on the job;
• unerledigte Arbeit liegen haben to fall behind with one’s work;
• sein Äußerstes bei der Arbeit hergeben to work to the full at one’s task;
• durch seine Arbeit hinzulernen to learn on the job;
• von seiner Hände Arbeit leben to live by one’s hands (by the sweat of one’s brow), to be left to one’s purchase;
• ausgezeichnete Arbeit leisten to do a first-class job;
• bahnbrechende Arbeit leisten to do pioneer work;
• gute Arbeit leisten to give good service, to make a good job of it;
• schlechte Arbeit leisten to tinker;
• schludrige Arbeit leisten to scamp;
• Arbeit leiten to direct a job;
• im Rahmen einer Arbeit liegen to fall within the scope of a job;
• sich an die Arbeit machen to get (settle) down to work, to hitch up to a job (US), to get down to it, to roll up one’s sleeves;
• sich eifrig an die Arbeit machen to buckle down to work;
• sich selbst an die Arbeit machen to put one’s hand to the plough (plow, US);
• seiner täglichen Arbeit nachgehen to go about one’s usual work (business), to do one’s daily stint;
• seiner Arbeit im Ausland nachgehen to work on assignment abroad;
• seine Arbeit niederlegen to drop one’s work, to stay off one’s job, to down tools (Br.), to walk out (US);
• sehr nach Arbeit riechen to smell of the lamp (midnight oil);
• Arbeit sabotieren to make a bad job of s. th.;
• auf Arbeit sein to be out at work;
• in Arbeit sein to be in hand (process) of manufacture;
• mit ganzer Seele (ganzem Herzen) bei der Arbeit sein to have one’s heart in (lend one’s soul to) one’s work;
• an selbstständige Arbeit gewöhnt sein to be accustomed to working independently;
• Arbeit sparend sein (Maschinen) to be real labo(u)r savers;
• mit seiner Arbeit im Rückstand sein to be behind (in arrears) with one’s work;
• bei jem. in Lohn und Arbeit stehen to be in s. one’s employ;
• Arbeit fertig stellen to finish off a job;
• sich in die Arbeit stürzen to plunge into business;
• Arbeit suchen to look for (seek) a job, to seek work (employment);
• bei der Arbeit trödeln to slack at one’s job;
• Arbeit übernehmen to [under]take a job;
• zusätzliche Arbeiten übernehmen to take on extra work;
• Arbeit im Akkord vergeben to let out a job of work on contract;
• Arbeiten und Lieferungen vergeben to let out a work in contract, to give on contract;
• seine Arbeit vernachlässigen to be negligent in one’s work;
• Arbeit verpfuschen to butcher a job;
• allerlei Arbeiten verrichten to do odd jobs;
• Arbeit seiner Angestellten verrichten to keep a dog and bark o. s.;
• Arbeit verschaffen to procure labo(u)r;
• jem. Arbeit verschaffen to find s. o. work;
• Arbeit vollenden to execute a job of work;
• mit niedrigen Arbeiten beschäftigt werden to be employed at a lower status;
• mit seiner Arbeit fertig werden to get through one’s work;
• Material für eine wissenschaftliche Arbeit zusammenstellen to collect material for a scientific work.
scheuen, Arbeit
to shirk one’s share of work;
• keine Kosten scheuen to spare no expense.
verrichten, Arbeit
to operate;
• Gelegenheitsarbeiten verrichten to char.

Business german-english dictionary > Arbeit
19 Beschäftigung

Beschäftigung f 1. PERS employment; 2. WIWI activity • Beschäftigung abbauen PERS cut employment, reduce employment, cut back employment • Beschäftigung annehmen PERS take employment, take a job, accept a job • Beschäftigung aufnehmen PERS take up employment, take up work, to start a job • Beschäftigung beenden PERS stop working, cease employment, cease working; quit (kündigen) • Beschäftigung beginnen PERS start a job, start work, begin work • Beschäftigung finden PERS find employment, find work, find a job • Beschäftigung haben PERS be employed, have a job • Beschäftigung schaffen PERS create employment, create jobs • Beschäftigung suchen PERS seek employment, look for employment, seek a job, look for a job, seek work, look for work • Beschäftigung verringern PERS reduce employment, cut employment, cut jobs, cut back employment • Beschäftigung wieder aufnehmen PERS, SOZ resume work, return to work • bisherige Dauer der Beschäftigung PERS current spell of employment, current period of employment • in Beschäftigung bleiben PERS remain in employment • jmdn. wieder in Beschäftigung bringen PERS get sb back into employment, bring sb back to work, get sb back into work • ohne Beschäftigung sein PERS be without employment, be out of work • wieder in Beschäftigung bringen PERS bring sb back to work, get sb back into employment
* * *

f 1. < Person> employment; 2. <Vw> activity ■ Beschäftigung annehmen < Person> take employment, take a job, accept a job ■ Beschäftigung aufnehmen < Person> take up employment, take up work, to start a job ■ Beschäftigung beenden < Person> stop working, cease employment ■ Beschäftigung beginnen < Person> start a job, start work, begin work ■ Beschäftigung finden < Person> find employment ■ Beschäftigung haben < Person> be employed, have a job ■ Beschäftigung suchen < Person> seek employment, look for employment, seek a job, look for a job, seek work, look for work ■ ohne Beschäftigung sein < Person> be without employment, be out of work

* * *
Beschäftigung
employ[ment], engagement, appointment, (Arbeit) work, (Beruf) vocation, occupation, job, pursuit, business, spell, lay (sl.);
• auf Beschäftigung ausgerichtet (pol.) employment-oriented;
• ohne Beschäftigung unemployed, out of work (employ);
• ohne regelmäßige Beschäftigung at a loose end;
• abhängige Beschäftigung dependent employment;
• Berufskrankheiten auslösende Beschäftigung disease-breeding occupation;
• ausschließliche Beschäftigung sole occupation;
• außerberufliche Beschäftigung outside activities;
• befristete Beschäftigung temporary job;
• berufliche Beschäftigung business occupation;
• einträgliche (entgeltliche) Beschäftigung gainful occupation (US), profitable employment, duck soup (US sl.);
• einzige Beschäftigung exclusive employment (occupation);
• ganztätige Beschäftigung full- (whole-) time job (employment);
• besonders gefährliche Beschäftigung extra-hazardous employment;
• geistlose Beschäftigung routine business;
• gelegentliche Beschäftigung casual employment, employment of a casual nature;
• geringfügige Beschäftigung small-scale employment;
• geschützte Beschäftigung sheltered employment;
• Gewinn bringende Beschäftigung gainful occupation;
• gewöhnliche Beschäftigung usual occupation;
• hauptamtliche Beschäftigung full-time employment (job);
• illegale Beschäftigung underground employment;
• irgendeine Beschäftigung ordinary job;
• kaufmännische Beschäftigung commercial appointment;
• lebenslange Beschäftigung lifelong employment;
• leichte Beschäftigung light occupation;
• lohnende Beschäftigung profitable employment, remunerative occupation;
• mangelnde Beschäftigung underemployment;
• nächtliche Beschäftigung night work;
• nebenberufliche Beschäftigung occupation outside of office work, part-time job;
• regelmäßige Beschäftigung regular occupation;
• saisonabhängige Beschäftigung seasonal employment;
• nicht selbstständige Beschäftigung wage-earning employment;
• sitzende Beschäftigung sedentary employment;
• sozialversicherungspflichtige Beschäftigung employment subject to social insurance;
• stundenweise Beschäftigung part-time (casual) employment;
• überwiegende Beschäftigung (Einkommensteuer) paramount occupation;
• übliche Beschäftigung daily (usual) occupation, daily stint;
• unbedeutende Beschäftigung potty little job (sl.);
• ungleichmäßige Beschäftigung unstable employment;
• unregelmäßige Beschäftigung irregular employment;
• unselbstständige Beschäftigung wage-earning employment;
• versicherungsfreie Beschäftigung uninsured employment;
• zeitweilige Beschäftigung part-time employment;
• zukunftsträchtige Beschäftigung prospective employment;
• zumutbare Beschäftigung suitable employment;
• zusätzliche Beschäftigung additional employment;
• entgeltliche Beschäftigung eines anderen using the services of another for pay;
• Beschäftigung älterer Arbeitnehmer employment of elderly people;
• Beschäftigung in der Bauindustrie construction employment;
• Beschäftigung auf der Baustelle on-site employment;
• Beschäftigung im industriellen Bereich manufacturing employment;
• Beschäftigung in einer Branche line activity;
• Beschäftigung im öffentlichen Dienst public service job;
• Beschäftigung in der Dienstleistungsindustrie service employment;
• Beschäftigung von Gelegenheitsarbeitern casualization;
• Beschäftigung in der Industrie factory employment, industrial occupation;
• Beschäftigung von Jugendlichen youth (juvenile) employment;
• Beschäftigung von Kindern child labo(u)r, employment of children;
• Beschäftigung in Kurzarbeit (zwecks Bekämpfung der Arbeitslosigkeit) staggering short (of shifts), (zwecks Vermeidung von Entlassungen) work sharing;
• Beschäftigung mit Nichtigkeiten shilly-shally;
• Beschäftigung in der Produktionsindustrie manufacturing employment;
• Beschäftigung im Staatsdienst government job, state employment;
• Beschäftigung in der Stahlindustrie steel-industry employment;
• Beschäftigung von Untervertretern pyramid selling;
• Beschäftigung zeitweise aussetzen to suspend employment;
• Beschäftigung ausüben to carry on a business, to do a job;
• Beschäftigung von älteren Arbeitnehmern erleichtern to facilitate the employment of older workers;
• Beschäftigung finden to find employment;
• untergeordnete Beschäftigung finden to obtain menial tasks;
• Beschäftigung älterer Arbeitnehmer fördern to promote the employment of older workers;
• Beschäftigung bestimmter Arbeitnehmergruppen fördern to encourage the employment of specific groups of workers;
• lebenslange Beschäftigung garantieren to guarantee lifelong employment;
• jem. Beschäftigung geben to employ s. o.;
• einträgliche Beschäftigung haben to live on (be left to) one’s purchases (Scot.);
• regelmäßige Beschäftigung haben to have a regular job;
• einer geregelten Beschäftigung nachgehen to go about one’s lawful business (occupation);
• seiner täglichen Beschäftigung nachgehen to go about one’s usual work, to do one’s daily stint;
• um eine Beschäftigung nachsuchen to apply for a job;
• seine Beschäftigung nicht ernst nehmen to play around (US sl.);
• ohne Beschäftigung sein to be unemployed (out of a job);
• ohne regelmäßige Beschäftigung sein to be at a loose end;
• sich nach einer geeigneten Beschäftigung umsehen to look for occupation suited to one’s abilities;
• jem. eine Beschäftigung verschaffen to find s. o. a job.

Business german-english dictionary > Beschäftigung
20 peto

pĕto, īvi and ĭi, ītum, 3 ( perf. petīt, Verg. A. 9, 9;
Ov F. 1, 109: petisti,
Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11; Verg. A. 4, 100; 12, 359:
petistis,
Auct. Her. 4, 15, 22:
petissem,
Cic. Verr. 1, 55, 145; Ov. M. 5, 26; Liv. 30, 25, 2:
petisse,
Cic. Quint. 11, 37; id. Verr. 2, 4, 63, § 140; Ov. [p. 1365] M. 9, 623; cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, 516 sq.), v. a. [Sanscr. root pat-, to fall upon, fly, find; Gr. pet- in piptô (pi-petô), to fall; cf. Lat. impetus and in petomai, to fly; cf. Lat. penna, acci-pit-er, etc.; the root of piptô, and therefore orig. to fall, fall upon; hence, to endeavor to reach or attain any thing].
I.
To fall upon any thing.
A.
Lit.
1.
In a hostile sense, to rush at, attack, assault, assail; to let fly at, aim a blow at, thrust at, etc. (class.; cf.:
invado, aggredior): gladiatores et vitando caute, et petendo vehementer,
Cic. Or. 68, 228:
cujus latus mucro ille petebat,
id. Lig. 3, 9:
non latus aut ventrem, sed caput et collum petere,
to thrust at, id. Mur. 26, 52:
aliquem spiculo infeste,
Liv. 2, 20:
aliquem mālo,
to throw an apple at any one, Verg. E. 3, 64:
alicui ungue genas,
Ov. A. A. 2, 452:
aliquem saxis, id. de Nuce, 2: aprum jaculis,
Suet. Tib. 72:
aëra disco,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 13:
bello Penatìs,
Verg. A. 3, 603:
armis patriam,
Vell. 2, 68, 3.—
2.
Without the notion of hostility: petere collum alicujus amplexu, to fall upon one's neck, to embrace one, M. Cael. ap. Quint. 4, 2, 124.—Esp. freq., to seek, to direct one's course to, to go or repair to, to make for, travel to a place:
grues loca calidiora petentes,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:
Cyzicum,
id. Fam. 14, 4, 3:
Dyrrhachium,
id. Planc. 41, 97:
naves,
to seek, take refuge in their ships, Nep. Milt. 5, 5:
caelum pennis,
to fly, Ov. F. 3, 457:
Graiis Phasi petite viris,
visited by the Greeks, id. P. 4, 10, 52:
Metellus Postumium ad bellum gerendum Africam petentem,... urbem egredi passus non est,
attempting to go, starting, Val. Max. 1, 1, 2.— Transf., of things, to proceed or go towards:
campum petit amnis,
Verg. G. 3, 522:
mons petit astra,
towers toward the stars, Ov. M. 1, 316: aliquem, to seek, go to a person:
reginam,
Verg. A. 1, 717:
ut te supplex peterem, et tua limina adirem,
id. ib. 6, 115: aliquid in locum or ad aliquem, to go to a place or person for something, to go in quest of, go to fetch:
visum est tanti in extremam Italiam petere Brundisium ostreas,
to go to Brundisium for oysters, Plin. 9, 54, 79, § 169:
myrrham ad Troglodytas,
id. 12, 15, 33, § 66:
harena ad Aethiopas usque petitur,
id. 36, 6, 9, § 51:
collis, in quem vimina petebantur,
id. 16, 10, 15, § 37:
quaeque trans maria petimus,
fetch, id. 19, 4, 19, §§ 58, 52.—
II.
Trop.
A.
To attack, assail one with any thing (class.):
aiiquem epistulā,
Cic. Att. 2, 2, 2:
aliquem fraude et insidiis,
Liv. 40, 55:
aliquem falsis criminibus,
Tac. A. 4, 31.—
B.
To demand, seek, require (cf. posco).
1.
In gen.:
ita petit asparagus,
Varr. R. R. 1, 23:
ex iis tantum, quantum res petet, hauriemus,
Cic. de Or. 3, 31, 123:
aliquem in vincula,
Quint. 7, 1, 55:
aliquem ad supplicium,
id. 7, 6, 6: poenas ab aliquo, to seek satisfaction from or revenge one's self on any one. ut poenas ab optimo quoque peteret sui doloris, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 7:
ut merito ab eā poenas liberi sui petere debuerint,
Quint. 3, 11, 12.—
2.
In partic.
a.
To demand or claim at law, to bring an action to recover, to sue for any thing (syn.:
postulo): causam dicere Prius unde petitur... Quam ille qui petit,
Ter. Eun. prol. 11:
qui per se litem contestatur, sibi soli petit,
Cic. Rosc Com. 18, 53: aliquando cum servis Habiti furti egit;
nuper ab ipso Habito petere coepit,
id. Clu. 59, 163:
qui non calumniā litium alienos fundos, sed castris, exercitu, signis inferendis petebat,
id. Mil. 27, 74.—
b.
To beg, beseech, ask, request, desire, entreat (syn.: rogo, flagito, obsecro); constr with ab and abl. of pers. (cf. infra); ante- and postclass., with acc. of pers.:
vos volo, vos peto atque obsecro,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 60; freq. with ut:
a te etiam atque etiam peto atque contendo, ut, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 5:
peto quaesoque, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 4, 2:
peto igitur a te, vel, si pateris, oro, ut,
id. ib. 9, 13, 3:
petere in beneficii loco et gratiae, ut,
id. Verr 2, 3, 82, § 189:
petere precibus per litteras ab aliquo, ut,
id. Sull. 19, 55:
pacem ab aliquo,
Caes. B. G. 2, 13:
opem ab aliquo,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 5:
vitam nocenti,
Tac. A. 2, 31:
petito, ut intrare urbem liceret,
Just. 43, 5, 6.—Also, with id or illud, and ut, etc.: illud autem te peto, ut, etc., Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 2.—With obj.-clause (mostly poet.):
arma umeris arcumque animosa petebat Ferre,
Stat. Achill. 1, 352; cf.: cum peteret (solum) donari quasi proprio suo deo, Suet. Aug. 5: petit aes sibi dari eis artous, Gell. 9, 2, 1.—De aliquo (for ab aliquo), to beg or request of one (post-class.):
si de me petisses, ut, etc.,
Dig. 13, 6, 5.—Ab aliquo aliquid alicui, to beg a thing of one person for another (class.):
M. Curtio tribunatum a Caesare petivi,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 15, 3: ab aliquo pro aliquo petere, to intercede for:
in eorum studiis, qui a te pro Ligario petunt,
Cic. Lig. 10, 31.—With ex and abl. pers. (v. infra d.):
eum petit litteris, ut ad Britanniam proficisceretur,
Capitol. Pertin. 3, 5; Eutr. 2, 24.—Hence, pĕtītum, i, n., a prayer, desire, request, entreaty, Cat. 68, 39.—
(β).
Polit. t. t., to apply or solicit for an office, to be a candidate for office (different from ambire, to go about among the people to collect their votes, to canvass, which took place after the petitio):
nemo est ex iis, qui nunc petunt, qui, etc.,
Cic. Att. 1, 1, 2:
consulatum,
id. Phil. 2, 30, 76:
praeturam,
id. Verr. 1, 8, 23; Liv. 1, 35.—
c.
To solicit a person, to seek to possess, to woo:
libidine sic accensa (Sempronia) ut viros saepius peteret quam peteretur,
Sall. C. 25, 3:
cum te tam multi peterent, tu me una petisti,
Prop. 3, 13, 27:
formosam quisque petit,
id. 3, 32, 4:
multi illam petiere,
Ov. M. 1, 478; cf.: quae tuus Vir petet, cave, ne neges;
Ne petitum aliunde eat,
Cat. 61, 151.—
d.
To endeavor to obtain or pursue, to seek, strive after any thing, Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 40:
fugā salutem petere,
Nep. Hann. 11, 4:
praedam pedibus,
Ov. M. 1, 534:
gloriam,
Sall. C. 54, 5:
eloquentiae principatum,
Cic. Or. 17, 56:
sanguinis profusio vel fortuita vel petita,
intentional, designed, produced by artificial means, Cels. 2, 8.—With inf.:
bene vivere,
Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 29:
victricemque petunt dextrae conjungere dextram,
Ov. M. 8, 421; 14, 571:
conubiis natam sociare Latinis,
Verg. A. 7, 96:
aliquem transfigere ferro,
Mart. 5, 51, 3.—With ex and abl., over, in the case of:
ex hostibus victoriam petere,
Liv. 8, 33, 13:
supplicium ex se, non victoriam peti,
id. 28, 19, 11:
imperium ex victis hostibus populum Romanum petere,
id. 30, 16, 7.—
e.
To fetch any thing:
qui argentum petit,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 53:
cibum e flammā,
Ter. Eun, 3, 2, 38:
altius initium rei demonstrandae,
Cic. Caecin. 4, 10:
aliquid a Graecis,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 8:
a litteris exiguam doloris oblivionem,
to obtain, id. Fam. 5, 15, 4:
suspirium alte,
to fetch a deep sigh, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 57; cf.:
latere petitus imo spiritus,
Hor. Epod. 11, 10; and:
gemitus alto de corde petiti,
Ov. M. 2, 622:
haec ex veteri memoriā petita,
Tac. H. 3, 5, 1.—
f.
To take, betake one's self to any thing:
iter a Vibone Brundisium terrā petere contendi,
Cic. Planc. 40, 96:
diversas vias,
Val. Fl. 1, 91:
alium cursum,
to take another route, Cic. Att. 3, 8, 2:
aliam in partem petebant fugam,
betook themselves to flight, fled, Caes. B. G. 2, 24.—
g.
To refer to, relate to ( poet.):
Trojanos haec monstra petunt,
Verg. A. 9, 128.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > peto

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

seek — seek, *search, scour, hunt, comb, ferret out, ransack, rummage are comparable when they mean to look for or go in quest of in the hope of finding. Seek has become widely extended in application and may take as its object either a person or a… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
seek — /seek/, v., sought, seeking. v.t. 1. to go in search or quest of: to seek the truth. 2. to try to find or discover by searching or questioning: to seek the solution to a problem. 3. to try to obtain: to seek fame. 4. to try or attempt (usually… … Universalium
For Freedom and Truth — was the last proclamation of the Hungarian National Government written on 4 November 1956 in Budapest, Hungary, just after the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, by Minister of State Bibó István in the parliament building as the author, and the only… … Wikipedia
seek out — verb look for a specific person or thing (Freq. 14) • Hypernyms: ↑search, ↑seek, ↑look for • Verb Frames: Somebody s something Somebody s somebody * * * seek out … Useful english dictionary
seek — v. (past and past part. sought) 1 a tr. make a search or inquiry for. b intr. (foll. by for, after) make a search or inquiry. 2 tr. a try or want to find or get. b ask for; request (sought help from him; seeks my aid). 3 tr. (foll. by to +… … Useful english dictionary
seek — 01. My great grandfather came to Boston to [seek] his fortune in the early 1800s. 02. The Chinese migrants came to this country to [seek] a better life. 03. He had to [seek] work as a laborer after he lost his truck driving license for drinking… … Grammatical examples in English
Person having ordinary skill in the art — Patent law (patents for inventions) … Wikipedia
seek — [c]/sik / (say seek) verb (sought, seeking) –verb (t) 1. to go in search or quest of: to seek a new home. 2. to try to find by searching or endeavour: to seek a solution. 3. to try to obtain: to seek fame. 4. to try or attempt (to do something):… …
seek — [[t]sik[/t]] v. sought, seek•ing 1) to go in search or quest of 2) to try to discover, as by studying 3) to try to obtain: to seek fame[/ex] 4) to try or attempt (usu. fol. by an infinitive): to seek to convince a person[/ex] 5) to ask for;… … From formal English to slang
To look for — Look Look (l[oo^]k), v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Looked}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Looking}.] [OE. loken, AS. l[=o]cian; akin to G. lugen, OHG. luog[=e]n.] 1. To direct the eyes for the purpose of seeing something; to direct the eyes toward an object; to… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Greek words for love — There are a number of different Greek words for love, as the Greek language distinguishes how the word is used. Ancient Greek has three distinct words for love: eros , philia , and agape . However, as with other languages, it has been… … Wikipedia

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: со всех языков на английский

to seek for a person

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: со всех языков на английский

to seek for a person

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка: